From the cybersecurity policy front,

• The Wall Street Journal reports,
  • “The clock is ticking on core federal cybersecurity legislation set to expire Sept. 30, as a divided Congress and a looming government shutdown threaten progress on a new bill that seeks to extend provisions encouraging cooperation in fighting hackers. 
  • “The decade-old Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act, or CISA, set the legal framework aimed at protecting companies that voluntarily share cyber threat intelligence with other businesses and the federal government, shielding them from antitrust and liability charges.
  • “Sunsetting the legislation risks weakening cybersecurity defenses, in both business and government, by discouraging information-sharing about hacking tactics and other cyberattacks, cybersecurity experts said.” * * *
  • “On Wednesday [September 3, 2025], the House Homeland Security Committee unanimously approved a revised version of CISA, renaming it the Widespread Information Management for the Welfare of Infrastructure and Government Act, or Wimwag.
  • “The proposed bill, which would extend the legislation until 2035, includes updated language to reflect new hacking tactics, while boosting privacy and liability protections for companies, among other changes.
  • “Democrats had called for an extension of the 2015 law while leaving any changes to be considered after the September deadline. “More improvements will be necessary as the legislative process moves forward,” based on input by cybersecurity experts, Rep. Bennie Thompson (D., Miss.) told the committee.
  • “The bill now moves to the full House for consideration.”

• On Thursday, the federal government’s Spring 2025 semi-annual regulatory and de-regulatory agenda was posted on reginfo.gov. Of note, the Department of Health and Human Services is projecting promulgation of an amended HIPAA Security Rule in May 2026.

• The American Hospital Association News tells us,
  • The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, National Security Agency and international agencies Sept. 3 released joint guidance outlining a “software bill of materials” for organizations to strengthen cybersecurity, reduce risk and decrease costs. An SBOM is a list of all components contained in a software product. 
  • “Whether it’s an application used on a computer or the software that runs a medical device, most software incorporates components to accomplish specific tasks,” said Scott Gee, AHA deputy national advisor of cybersecurity and risk. “It is critical to understand what components are used in a piece of software because if a flaw is discovered in any, it could make the entire piece of software — and the organization’s network— vulnerable to attack. A good analogy is the ingredients list on food packaging — it tells consumers exactly what additives and preservatives are in their food. Without an SBOM, an organization would have no way to determine that the vulnerable component was present in their systems.” 
  • Gee also highlighted the importance of automated monitoring of SBOMs, as they would alert of any vulnerabilities that would require patching and remediation. 
     
• Federal News Network informs us,
  • “The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency has named a new top cyber official. Nick Anderson is now serving as executive assistant director of CISA’s cybersecurity division. Anderson is a Marine Corps veteran who previously led the Energy Department’s top cyber office during the first Trump administration. He most recently was president and chief operating officer of Invictus International Consulting. Anderson also was chief information security officer for Lumen Technologies Public Sector.”

From the cybersecurity vulnerabilities and breaches front,

• CISA added seven known exploited vulnerabilities to its catalog this week.
  • September 2, 2025
    • CVE-2020-24363 TP-link TL-WA855RE Missing Authentication for Critical Function Vulnerability
    • CVE-2025-55177 Meta Platforms WhatsApp Incorrect Authorization Vulnerability
      • Security Affairs discusses these KVEs here.
  • September 3, 2025
    • CVE-2023-50224 TP-Link TL-WR841N Authentication Bypass by Spoofing Vulnerability
    • CVE-2025-9377 TP-Link Archer C7(EU) and TL-WR841N/ND(MS) OS Command Injection Vulnerability
      • Security Affairs discusses these KVEs here.
  • September 5, 2025
    • CVE-2025-38352 Linux Kernel Time-of-Check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Condition Vulnerability
    • CVE-2025-48543 Android Runtime Unspecified Vulnerability
    • CVE-2025-53690 Sitecore Multiple Products Deserialization of Untrusted Data Vulnerability
      • Cybersecurity Dive discusses the Sitecore KVE here.
      • Security Week discusses the other two KVEs here.

• Cybersecurity Dive reports,
  • “In separate disclosures, Cloudflare Inc. and Proofpoint Inc. on Tuesday said they were impacted by the August supply chain attacks linked to Salesloft Drift. 
  • “The disclosures mark the latest in a wave of attacks, where a threat actor used compromised credentials linked to the Salesloft Drift AI chatbot to gain access to the Salesforce instances at hundreds of companies. 
  • ‘Cloudflare said it was notified last week of the incident, in which an outside attacker gained access to the text fields of support cases in its Salesforce instances, according to a blog post released Tuesday.
  • “Despite being part of a much larger supply chain attack, the company took full responsibility for the breach and issued an apology. 
  • “We are responsible for the tools we use in support of our business,” company executives said in the blog post. “For that, we sincerely apologize.”
  • ‘The incidents follow disclosures by Palo Alto Networks and Zscaler of their customer Salesforce environments being impacted by the supply chain attack.” 

• Dark Reading relates,
  • “In a blog post Thursday, SecurityBridge said it discovered an exploit for CVE-2025-42957 and confirmed it has been used in the wild. “While widespread exploitation has not yet been reported, SecurityBridge has verified actual abuse of this vulnerability,” the blog post said. “That means attackers already know how to use it – leaving unpatched SAP systems exposed.”
  • “SecurityBridge added that SAP’s patch for CVE-2025-42957 is “relatively easy” to reverse engineer, and that successful exploitation gives attackers access to the operating system and all data in the targeted SAP system.” * * *
  • “Even though an attacker would need a valid user account to exploit CVE-2025-42957, SecurityBridge said the vulnerability was “especially dangerous.” * * *
  • “SecurityBridge urged customers to immediately apply the patch for CVE-2025-42957, which was released in SAP’s August 2025 security updates. To defend against potential exploitation, the company recommended implementing SAP’s Unified Connectivity framework (UCON) to restrict RFC usage, and to monitor logs for suspicious RFC calls and newly created admin accounts.
  • “The exploitation of CVE-2025-42957 follows attacks in the spring on a critical SAP NetWeaver zero-day flaw tracked as CVE-2025-31324. The vulnerability came under subsequent waves of attacks in the weeks following its initial disclosure in late April.”
• and
  • “A young malware-as-a-service (MaaS) operation has been outed, shortly after the debut of its newest custom remote access Trojans (RATs).
  • “In recent weeks, researchers have been slowly, independently piecing together an emerging cybercrime threat cluster. First, they found a malware loader that had been spread hundreds of times and named it “CastleLoader.” Then, they uncovered the broader MaaS service around it, and called it “CastleBot.” Now, they’ve mapped out the infrastructure propping it all up, and identified new variants of its own Trojan, called “CastleRAT” (aka “NightShadeC2“), which various MaaS customers have distributed to victims via boobytrapped GitHub repositories, the ClickFix tactic, malicious websites advertising fake software, and other methods.”
  • “Plenty of questions still remain though, about the group that Recorded Future’s Insikt Group has labeled “TAG-150.” For instance, how has it managed to spread itself so far while maintaining essentially no visible presence on the Dark Web?”
    
• Bleeping Computer points out “six browser-based attacks all security teams should be ready for in 2025.

From the ransomware front,

• Industrial Cyber informs us,
  • “New data from Comparitech shows that of the 18 confirmed ransomware attacks in August, three hit manufacturers, two targeted healthcare companies, and another two struck the food and beverage sector. Overall, worldwide ransomware attacks rose from 473 in July to 506 in August, a 7% increase and the second consecutive month of growth after a decline from March through June 2025. While government systems remain a steady target, manufacturing recorded the sharpest rise, with attack claims surging 57% from 72 in July to 113 in August. Four of these incidents have been confirmed.
  • “August saw a first-of-a-kind attack on the state of Nevada. While hundreds of U.S. government organizations have suffered ransomware attacks, this is the first-ever statewide attack. The attack was first detected on August 24, 2025, and has left many citizens and state agencies without access to essential services. No hackers have claimed the attack as of yet, but if a ransom isn’t paid, it’s likely the group will come forward in the coming days/weeks.
  • “Comparitech reported that the healthcare and education sectors each recorded one confirmed attack in August, though both reported more unconfirmed attack claims compared with July. These numbers are expected to rise as additional incidents are confirmed in the coming weeks.”

• Here are links to updates on the ransomware attacks on the State of Nevada and Pennsylvania Attorney General’s office noted in last week’s Cybersecurity Saturday.

• BitDefender alerts us,
  • “Ransomware groups continue to evolve their tactics, but few have made as sharp an impact in 2025 as SafePay. Once a lesser-known player, the group has surged into prominence by quietly amassing hundreds of victims across the globe. In June, SafePay topped Bitdefender’s Threat Debrief rankings after claiming 73 victim organizations in a single month, and the group followed up with 42 more victims in July—its second-highest monthly tally to date. 
  • “With more than 270 claimed victims so far this year, SafePay’s discreet operations, rejection of the ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) model, and rapid-fire victim disclosures signal a significant threat that security researchers and teams should understand.”

• CIO explains why “the latest research into cybercrime and those behind it illustrates why businesses must quickly adapt to the rising tide of high-stakes cyber extortion.”

• SC Media discusses “how AI has changed ransomware negotiations.”

From the cybersecurity defenses and business front,

• Cybersecurity Dive reports,
  • “The cyber insurance market is continuing to stall with organic growth slowing and rates declining, according to a report Wednesday from global insurance firm Swiss Re. 
  • “Increased competition among insurers has led to a third consecutive year of reduced rates, according to the report, as the available supply of cyber coverage has exceeded current demand. The market imbalances have forced insurers to make concessions on premiums, cybersecurity controls and coverage limits. 
  • “The insurance industry has grown increasingly concerned in recent years about systemic loss events and the risk of liability over data privacy. That has led to worries over whether additional premium cuts are sustainable.” 

• Cybersecurity Dive also explains how Tampa General Hospital’s “CIO and CISO teamed up to translate security decisions into dollars and cents.”

• HIPAA Journal notes,
  • “Healthcare organizations are relatively unlikely to have serious cybersecurity vulnerabilities compared to other industry sectors, as they are generally good at prevention; however, when vulnerabilities are identified, healthcare lags other sectors when it comes to remediation. These are the findings from a recent analysis of penetration testing data and a survey of 500 U.S. security leaders by the Pentest-as-a-service (PTaaS) firm Cobalt. The findings are published in its State of Pentesting in Healthcare 2025 report.”

• The Wall Street Journal adds,
  • “A study at UCSD Health found cybersecurity training had little effect on employees’ susceptibility to simulated phishing attacks.
  • “On average, four groups of employees who received training designed by the researchers had only a 1.7% lower failure rate than employees who had no training.
  • “Employees often didn’t engage with training, spending less than a minute on training pages over 75% of the time.”

• Per Cyberscoop,
  • “Israeli cybersecurity company Cato Networks has acquired AI security startup Aim Security in its first ever acquisition, reflecting the broader industry rush to address security challenges posed by artificial intelligence adoption.
  • “The deal combines Cato’s Secure Access Service Edge (SASE) networking platform with Aim’s AI security capabilities, allowing the company to protect customers from threats associated with generative AI tools and applications. Financial terms were not disclosed. 
  • “The acquisition underscores how cybersecurity companies are scrambling to develop solutions for AI-related risks as enterprises rapidly adopt AI tools without fully understanding potential vulnerabilities. Aim’s technology addresses three key areas: securing employee use of public AI applications, protecting private AI systems, and managing security throughout AI development lifecycles.”
• and
  • “Varonis has acquired SlashNext, an AI-driven email security company, for up to $150 million in a move that reflects the rising role of artificial intelligence in both attack and defense.
  • “The acquisition, announced Tuesday, brings together Varonis’ focus on data-centric security and threat detection with SlashNext’s technology for blocking phishing and social engineering attacks across email and collaboration platforms. The companies cited a rapidly evolving threat environment, as cybercriminals increasingly use AI to target victims on channels reaching beyond traditional email, including Slack, Microsoft Teams, WhatsApp, and Zoom.
  • “Founded by Atif Mushtaq, who worked on FireEye’s malware detection systems, SlashNext deploys predictive AI models to identify, remove and block socially engineered threats. Its technology leverages computer vision, natural language processing, and virtual browsers to pinpoint signs of compromise.”

• Here’s a link to Dark Reading’s CISO Corner.

From the cybersecurity policy and law enforcement front,

• The House Committee on Homeland Security will mark up the CISA 2025 reauthorization bill on Wednesday, September 3, at 10 am ET.

• Per a Congressional news release,
  • “U.S. Senators Bill Cassidy, M.D. (R-LA), chair of the Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (HELP) Committee, and Maggie Hassan (D-NH) requested information from Aflac following a recent cyberattack on their internal data systems.
  • “This comes amid increasing cyberattacks on the health care sector. In 2024, there were over 700 large data breaches that impacted approximately 276 million Americans. These attacks not only threaten Americans’ sensitive health data, but delay lifesaving care to patients.
  • “The recent cybersecurity incident affecting Aflac’s supplemental insurance systems highlights the continuing risk to patients and other stakeholders,” wrote the senators. “While Aflac has stated that it ‘stopped the intrusion within hours,’ additional transparency is needed about whether the intruders accessed private consumer and patient data, how Aflac safeguarded protected health information (PHI) prior to the incident, and steps that the company intends to take going forward.”

• Per a National Institute of Standards and Technology news release,
  • “A revision to NIST’s catalog of security and privacy safeguards [(NIST SP 800-53)] aims to help organizations better manage risks related to software updates and patches. 
  • “The catalog revision is part of NIST’s response to a recent executive order on strengthening the nation’s cybersecurity.
  • “Completed with the help of a real-time commenting system, the revision is available in several different formats, some of which are machine-readable.”

• Dark Reading tells us,
  • “Updated federal agency guidelines for software bills of materials (SBOM) were recently released by the US Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) with rules intended to push for additional transparency among software and component vendors. Experts agree the new rules are a hopeful step forward but worry they overlook some serious issues facing today’s software supply chain. 
  • “Since 2021, when the federal minimum SBOM guidelines initially were released, the idea has been debated in information security circles as a great concept, but just not feasible in the real world. Vendors pushed back, arguing that the regulations are onerous. And in the ensuing years, with federal agencies leading the way, SBOMs have been embraced to varying degrees. The SBOM challenge has been connecting the gorge between the information they provide, and the ability for cyber teams operationalize it. 
  • “CISA recently released its 2025 update to SBOM guidelines for federal agencies, and while experts say they are hopeful things are headed in the right direction, they also acknowledge skepticism across the cybersecurity industry about some aspects of the new guidance.” 

• Per a CISA news release on August 26,
  • “Today, the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) released the Software Acquisition Guide: Supplier Response Web Tool, a no-cost, interactive resource designed to empower information technology (IT) and industry decision makers, procurement professionals and software suppliers strengthen cybersecurity practices throughout the software procurement lifecycle.
  • “The Web Tool builds on the “Software Acquisition Guide for Government Enterprise Consumers: Software Assurance in the Cyber-Supply Chain Risk Management (C-SCRM) Lifecycle”, offering a streamlined, digital experience that simplifies how users assess software assurance and supplier risk.
  • “This tool demonstrates CISA’s commitment to offering practical, free solutions for smarter, more secure software procurement,” said CISA Director of Public Affairs, Marci McCarthy. “Transforming the Software Acquisition Guide into an interactive format simplifies integrating cybersecurity into every step of procurement.”

• Per Cyberscoop,
  • “The Treasury Department on Wednesday [August 27] expanded efforts to disrupt the pervasive North Korean technical worker scheme by imposing sanctions on people and organizations serving as facilitators and fronts for the country’s years-long conspiracy effort to defraud businesses and earn money despite international sanctions. 
  • “Vitaly Sergeyevich Andreyev, Kim Ung Sun, Shenyang Geumpungri Network Technology and Korea Sinjin Trading Corp. were all sanctioned by the Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control for their alleged roles in the scheme orchestrated by the North Korean government.”

From the cybersecurity vulnerabilities and breaches front,

• Cybersecurity Dive reports,
  • “Chinese government-backed hackers are targeting critical infrastructure and government computer systems as part of a yearslong campaign that includes the well-known Salt Typhoon activity, the U.S. and 12 other countries said on Wednesday.
  • “The data stolen through this activity against foreign telecommunications and Internet service providers (ISPs), as well as intrusions in the lodging and transportation sectors, ultimately can provide Chinese intelligence services with the capability to identify and track their targets’ communications and movements around the world,” the allied governments said in a joint advisory.
  • “The China-linked campaign has penetrated organizations in more than 80 countries, including more than 200 targets in the U.S., an FBI spokesperson told Cybersecurity Dive.
  • The advisory describes the attackers’ techniques, from initial access to data exfiltration; describes an incident in which the hackers tried to decrypt network traffic to collect administrator credentials; suggests strategies for threat hunting; and recommends mitigation activities.
• and
  • “Hackers stole user credentials from Salesforce customers in a widespread campaign earlier this month, according to researchers at Google Threat Intelligence Group, who warned that the thefts could lead to follow-up attacks.
  • “A threat actor that Google tracks as UNC6395 targeted Salesforce instances using compromised OAuth tokens that were associated with the customer engagement vendor Salesloft’s Drift AI chat agent.
  • “Researchers believe the hackers’ primary goal was to harvest credentials, as they stole large amounts of data from numerous Salesforce instances.
  • “Google’s Threat Intelligence Group “is aware of over 700 potentially impacted organizations,” Austin Larsen, a principal threat analyst at the company, told Cybersecurity Dive in a statement. “The threat actor used a Python tool to automate the data theft process for each organization that was targeted.”
  • “The attacks did not involve any vulnerability in the Salesforce platform, according to researchers. After stealing the data, the hackers looked for sensitive credentials, including access keys and passwords for Amazon Web Services as well as access tokens for the Snowflake cloud platform. 
  • “The attacks largely occurred between Aug. 8 and Aug. 18, researchers said. By Aug. 20, Salesloft had begun working with Salesforce to revoke all active access and refresh Drift tokens, according to Google.”

• Bleeping Computer adds,
  • “Consumer credit reporting giant TransUnion warns it suffered a data breach exposing the personal information of over 4.4 million people in the United States, with BleepingComputer learning the data was stolen from its Salesforce account.
  • “TransUnion is one of the three major credit bureaus in the United States, alongside Equifax and Experian. It operates in 30 countries, employs 13,000 staff, and has an annual revenue of $3 billion.”

• Per Security Week,
  • “Multiple phishing campaigns deploying ConnectWise ScreenConnect for remote control demonstrate the sophistication, extent, and danger of AI-supercharged social engineering.
  • “An ongoing ScreenConnect threat example highlights primary aspects of modern cybercriminality: AI-enhanced, scaled, and sophisticated social engineering; use of trust and stealth to deceive security controls; and maximum use of the professionalized crime-as-a-service (CaaS) ecosphere.
  • “Current ScreenConnect campaigns differ in their attack details, but all conform to the basic process: a phishing attack leading to deployment of ScreenConnect to allow remote access and potential control of the victim organization. Researchers have found more than 900 targeted enterprises around the world.”

• CISA added five known exploited vulnerabilities to its catalog this week.
  • August 25, 2025
    • CVE-2024-8069 Citrix Session Recording Deserialization of Untrusted Data Vulnerability
    • CVE-2024-8068 Citrix Session Recording Improper Privilege Management Vulnerability
    • CVE-2025-48384 Git Link Following Vulnerability
      • Cyber Press discusses these KVEs here.
      • Cybersecurity Dive adds more details on the Citrix KVEs here.
      • Bleeping Computer adds more details on the Git Link KVE here.
  • August 26, 2025
    • CVE-2025-7775 Citrix NetScaler Memory Overflow Vulnerability
      • Bleeping Computer discusses this KVE here.
  • August 29, 2025
    • CVE-2025-57819 Sangoma FreePBX Authentication Bypass Vulnerability
      • Bleeping Computer discusses this KVE here.

From the ransomware front,

• Cybersecurity Dive reports,
  • “Federal and state authorities are investigating a ransomware attack that has disrupted key services across the state of Nevada.
  • “The Sunday [August 24] attack interrupted multiple government services, including phone systems and state agency websites. 
  • “The attackers were able to exfiltrate data during the intrusion, but officials still don’t know what they took, Tim Galluzi, Nevada chief information officer and executive director of the Governor’s Technology Office, said during a press conference Wednesday.
  • “The process of analyzing the information to determine exactly what was taken is complex, methodical and time consuming,” Galluzi said, adding that it would be reckless to speculate on the nature of the stolen information.
  • “The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) and the FBI are helping Nevada officials respond to the intrusion. In a statement Wednesday [August 27], CISA said its threat hunters are helping analyze Nevada’s computer networks and mitigate any potential impact from the hack.
    
• Security Week adds on August 29,
  • “Four days after the hackers hit the state’s network, certain state offices have resumed working with the public, some Nevada state’s departments have reverted to pen and paper operations to serve the public, and the Nevada Health Authority has restored some of its operations, including Medicaid and the benefits program.
  • “However, the Access Nevada application portal remains inaccessible, certain phone lines are down, the Child Care & Development Program cannot access case files or certifications, and DMV offices were closed on Wednesday, although its website has been restored.
  • “Emergency services and essential operations have remained available throughout the outage. Additional information can be found on this recovery status page.”

• SpotlightPA reports,
  • “The Pennsylvania Office of Attorney General was the victim of a ransomware attack earlier this month, Spotlight PA has learned.
  • “The attack, first reported by the office on Aug. 11 as a “cyber incident,” has impaired many functions of the agency, as some staff and prosecutors remain unable to access archived emails, files, and internal systems crucial to pursuing cases on behalf of the commonwealth.
  • “The office confirmed the attack to Spotlight PA on Friday [August 29].

• KERA News relates,
  • A cybersecurity breach in Greenville [,Texas] has affected the city’s ability to access police and other records.
  • The city’s servers were attacked by a ransomware group on Aug. 5.
  • “Upon identification, the City immediately implemented protective measures, isolated affected systems where appropriate, contacted law enforcement and engaged a third-party cybersecurity firm to mitigate the event and restore services,” the city said in a news release.
  • Greenville’s emergency 911 service was not affected and remains in operation, however, some phone lines may experience intermittent outages or busy signals, the city said.

• Per Cyberscoop,
  • “A financially motivated threat group operating since 2021 has refined its technical tradecraft, honing its focus on cloud-based systems that allow it to expand ransomware operations beyond the scope of on-premises infrastructure, Microsoft Threat Intelligence said in a report released Wednesday [August 27].
  • “By leveraging cloud-native capabilities, Storm-0501 has exfiltrated large volumes of data with speed, destroying data and backups within victim environments and encrypted systems. “This is in contrast to threat actors who may have relied solely on malware deployed to endpoints,” Sherrod DeGrippo, director of threat intelligence strategy at Microsoft, said in an email.
  • “This evolution is about both a technical shift and a change in impact strategy,” DeGrippo said. “Instead of just encrypting files and demanding ransom for decryption, Storm-0501 now exfiltrates sensitive cloud data, destroys backups, and then extorts victims by threatening permanent data loss or exposure.”
  • “Storm-0501 targets opportunistically by searching for unmanaged devices and security gaps in hybrid cloud environments. By exploiting these vulnerabilities, it can evade detection, escalate its access privileges and sometimes move between user accounts. This approach amplifies the impact of its attacks and raises its chance for a payout, according to Microsoft.”
• and
  • “Researchers at cybersecurity firm ESET claim to have identified the first piece of AI-powered ransomware in the wild.
  • “”The malware, called PromptLock, essentially functions as a hard-coded prompt injection attack on a large language model, causing the model to assist in carrying out a ransomware attack.
  • “Written in Golang programming code, the malware sends its requests through Ollama, an open-source API for interfacing with large language models, and a local version of an open-weights model (gpt-oss:20b) from OpenAI to execute tasks.
  • “Those tasks include inspecting local filesystems, exfiltrating files and encrypting data for Windows, Mac and Linux devices using SPECK 128-bit encryption.
  • “According to senior malware researcher Anton Cherepanov, the code was discovered Aug. 25 by ESET on VirusTotal, an online repository for malware analysis. Beyond knowing that it was uploaded somewhere in the U.S., he had no further details on its origins.
  • “Notably, attackers don’t need to deploy the entire gpt-oss-20b model within the compromised network,” he said. ”Instead, they can simply establish a tunnel or proxy from the affected network to a server running Ollama with the model.”
  • “ESET believes the code is likely a proof of concept, noting that functionality for a feature that destroys data appears unfinished. Notably, Cherepanov told CyberScoop that they have yet to see evidence of the malware being deployed by threat actors in ESET telemetry.”

From the cybersecurity defenses front,

• Cyberscoop lets us know,
  • “Chief information security officers are increasingly concerned about the risk of a cyberattack, and a growing number say they have experienced a material loss of data over the past year, according to a report released Tuesday by Proofpoint. 
  • “Two-thirds of CISOs said their organizations have experienced a material loss of sensitive information over the past year, compared with only 46% in the prior year, according to the report. Meanwhile, three-quarters of CISOs fear they are at risk of a material cyberattack over the next 12 months.
  • “The increase reflects not only heightened risk but also a cultural shift among CISOs, according to Proofpoint.
  • “CISOs are becoming more transparent, especially in light of increased regulatory scrutiny and evolving board expectations,” Patrick Joyce, global resident CISO at Proofpoint, told Cybersecurity Dive.
  • “The annual “Voice of the CISO” report is based on a survey of 1,600 CISOs at organizations in 16 countries. The survey took place during the first quarter of 2025, and all respondents worked at organizations with more than 1,000 employees.”

• Dark Reading offers ransomware defense tips here and cloud security tips here.

• The Wall Street Journal reports,
  • “Cybersecurity concierge services offer tailored protection against online threats for high-profile individuals, including monitoring and data scrubbing.
  • “These services, costing from $1,000 to tens of thousands annually, attract those with substantial assets and a significant digital footprint.
  • “Demand is rising, with wealth managers for cyber protection, especially after experiencing breaches.”

• Here is a link to Dark Reading’s CISO corner.

From the cybersecurity policy and law enforcement front,

• Federal News Network tells us,
  • “The House Homeland Security Committee plans to convene in early September to mark up a reauthorization bill for a soon-to-expire cybersecurity law that’s viewed as critical to cyber collaboration across government and industry.
  • “In a statement, House Homeland Security Committee Chairman Andrew Garbarino (R-N.Y.) confirmed the committee will mark up a reauthorization bill for the Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act of 2015 once Congress returns from August recess.
  • “Reauthorizing the Cybersecurity and Information Sharing Act is essential as the deadline nears and as threats evolve,” Garbarino said. “The House Committee on Homeland Security plans to mark up our legislative text for its reauthorization shortly after Congress returns from recess in September. In a 10-year extension, I will preserve the privacy protections in the law, and I aim to provide enhanced clarity to certain pre-existing provisions to better address the evolving threat landscape.”
  • “CISA 2015, as it’s known, expires at the end of September. The law provides liability protections and privacy guardrails to especially encourage private sector organizations to voluntarily share data with each other and government agencies.”

• Cybersecurity Dive reports,
  • “The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has updated its recommendations for the minimum features of a software bill of materials (SBOM), the latest step in the agency’s campaign to encourage transparency in the software market.
  • “The updates and additions included in this document will better position Federal Government agencies and other SBOM consumers to address a range of use cases, understand the generation process, and improve data quality,” CISA said in the new publication, which it released on Thursday [August 21].” * * *
  • “The publication, which is open for public comment through Oct. 3, is aimed primarily at government agencies but is also designed to help other organizations understand what to expect from their vendors’ SBOMs.”
• and
  • “The National Institute of Standards and Technology [NIST] wants public feedback on a plan to develop guidance for how companies can implement various types of artificial intelligence systems in a secure manner. 
  • “NIST on Thursday [August 14] released a concept paper about creating control overlays for securing AI systems based on the agency’s widely used SP 800-53 framework. The overlays are designed to help ensure that companies implement AI in a way that maintains the integrity and confidentiality of the technology and the data it uses in a series of different test cases. 
  • “The agency also created a Slack channel to collect community feedback on the development of the overlays.”

• Per NIST news releases,
  • “NIST SP 800-171, R3, Protecting Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI) in Nonfederal Systems, is a set of recommended security requirements for protecting the confidentiality of CUI.
  • “NIST has released a supplementary small business primer to SP 800-171, R3 to help smaller, under-resourced organizations better protect CUI.” * * * 
  • “This is the first part of an effort to begin breaking down components of 800-171, R3 for the small business community. Future resources will expand upon the primer’s content.”
• and
  • “NIST has released the initial public draft (IPD) of Special Publication (SP) 1331, Quick-Start Guide for Using CSF 2.0 to Improve the Management of Emerging Cybersecurity Risks, for public comment. The document highlights the topic of emerging cybersecurity risks and explains how organizations can improve their ability to address such risks through existing practices within the cyber risk discipline in conjunction with the NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0. The guide also emphasizes the importance of integrating these practices with organizational enterprise risk management (ERM) to proactively address emerging risks before they occur. 
  • “The comment period is open through September 21, 2025, at 11:59 PM. Please send your feedback about this draft publication to csf@nist.gov.”

• Per an HHS news release,
  • “Today [August 18], the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Office for Civil Rights (OCR) announced a settlement with BST & Co. CPAs, LLP (“BST”), a New York public accounting, business advisory, and management consulting firm, concerning a potential violation of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) Security Rule. BST is a HIPAA business associate and receives financial information that also contains protected health information (PHI) from a HIPAA covered entity.” * * *
  • “The settlement resolves an investigation of BST that OCR initiated after receiving a breach report that BST filed on February 16, 2020. BST reported that on December 7, 2019, BST discovered that part of its network was infected with ransomware, impacting the PHI of its covered entity client. OCR’s investigation determined that BST had failed to conduct an accurate and thorough risk analysis to determine the potential risks and vulnerabilities to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of ePHI held by BST.
  • “Under the terms of the resolution agreement, BST agreed to implement a corrective action plan that will be monitored by OCR for two years and paid $175,000 to OCR.”

• Cybersecurity Dive informs us,
  • “Federal prosecutors on Tuesday [August 19] charged an Oregon man for allegedly running a global botnet-for-hire operation called Rapper Bot that used hacked IoT devices to conduct large-scale distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks.
  • “Authorities charged Ethan Foltz, 22, with one count of aiding and abetting computer intrusions. Police executed a search warrant at Foltz’s house on Aug. 6, shut down the botnet and took control of its infrastructure, according to the U.S. Department of Justice.
  • “Rapper Bot allegedly used between 65,000 and 95,000 infected devices for DDoS attacks that often measured between two and three terabits per second. The largest attack may have exceeded six terabits per second, prosecutors said.
  • “Rapper Bot was “one of the most powerful DDoS botnets to ever exist,” said Michael Heyman, the U.S. attorney in Alaska, where authorities believe the botnet infected at least five devices.”

• Cyberscoop adds,
  • “A 20-year-old Florida man received a 10-year federal prison sentence Wednesday for his role in the notorious Scattered Spider cybercrime organization, marking the first conviction of a member from the group responsible for breaching more than 130 major companies.
  • “Noah Michael Urban, 20, of Palm Coast, Fla., pleaded guilty to conspiracy, wire fraud and aggravated identity theft charges in two separate federal cases spanning Florida and California. A federal judge sentenced Urban to 120 months in prison with three years of supervised release and ordered him to pay $13 million in restitution to victims.
  • “The sentence exceeded federal prosecutors’ recommendation of eight years, reflecting the scope of Urban’s criminal activities that investigators say caused between $9.5 million and $25 million in total losses.”

From the cybersecurity vulnerabilities and breaches front,

• The American Hospital Association News informs us,
  • “The FBI Aug. 20 released an advisory warning of malicious activity by Russian cyber actors targeting end-of-life devices running an unpatched vulnerability in Cisco Smart Install software. The agency said the actors, attributed to the Russian Federal Security Service’s Center 16, have been detected collecting configuration files for thousands of networking devices associated with U.S. entities across critical infrastructure sectors. On some devices, the files were modified to enable unauthorized access to the devices. The vulnerability was initially publicized in 2018.
  • “If you have vulnerable equipment in your network, please pay particular attention to ensuring that it is patched and running as securely as possible,” said Scott Gee, AHA deputy national advisor of cybersecurity and risk. “It is recommended that hospitals also make this equipment a priority for replacement since it’s no longer supported for updates by Cisco. It is also a good time to review the process for patch management and equipment upgrades, particularly focusing on patching known exploited vulnerabilities. The Cybersecurity Infrastructure and Security Agency maintains a catalog of KEVs.”

• CISA added two known exploited vulnerabilities to that catalog this week.
  • August 18, 2025
    • CVE-2025-54948 Trend Micro Apex One OS Command Injection Vulnerability
      • Cybersecurity News discusses this KVE here.
  • August 21, 2025
    • CVE-2025-43300 Apple iOS, iPadOS, and macOS Out-of-Bounds Write Vulnerability
      • Cyberscoop discusses this KVE here.

• Cyberscoop adds,
  • “The Chinese state-backed threat group Silk Typhoon has raised the pace of attacks targeting government, technology, legal and professional services in North America since late spring, according to CrowdStrike.
  • “We were calling this jokingly, ‘the summer of Murky Panda,’ because we’ve seen so much activity from them over the last couple of months,” said Adam Meyers, senior vice president of counter adversary operations at CrowdStrike, using the firm’s nomenclature for the cyberespionage group.
  • “CrowdStrike has worked on more than a dozen cases involving Murky Panda during the past few months, including two active incident response cases, Meyers said. The group, which has been active since at least 2023, is “one of the top-tier Chinese threats that we’ve been seeing a lot this summer,” he said.
  • “Murky Panda exemplifies how Chinese attackers are gaining access to victim networks and infrastructure via vulnerabilities, unmanaged devices, the cloud and pivots between cloud services. 
  • “The group’s advanced techniques in cloud environments are evident, as it enables prolonged access and lateral movement to downstream victims by abusing delegated administrative privileges in cloud solution providers, CrowdStrike said in a research report released Thursday. [August 21].
    
• Bleeping Computer reports,
  • “Hackers have stolen the personal information of 1.1 million individuals in a Salesforce data theft attack, which impacted U.S. insurance giant Allianz Life in July.
  • “Allianz Life has nearly 2,000 employees in the United States and is a subsidiary of Allianz SE, which has over 128 million customers worldwide and ranks as the world’s 82nd largest company based on revenue.
  • “As the company disclosed last month, information belonging to the “majority” of its 1.4 million customers was stolen by attackers who gained access to a third-party cloud CRM system on July 16th.” * * *
  • “On Monday, data breach notification service Have I Been Pwned revealed the extent of the incident, reporting that the email addresses, names, genders, dates of birth, phone numbers, and physical addresses of 1.1 million Allianz Life customers were stolen during the breach.
  • “Bleeping Computer has also confirmed with multiple people affected by this breach that their data (including their tax IDs, phone numbers, email addresses, and other information) in the leaked files is accurate.
  • “Many other high-profile companies worldwide were also breached in this campaign, including Google, Adidas, Qantas, Louis Vuitton, Dior, Tiffany & Co., Chanel, and, most recently, human resources giant Workday.”

• Cybersecurity Dive notes,
  • The attack [on WorkDay] follows a string of social-engineering intrusions linked to ShinyHunters, a hacker group associated with an underground cybercrime collective known as The Com. The Com also has ties to the notorious hacker team Scattered Spider, which has targeted companies in multiple industries over the past several months, including retail, insurance and aviation. 
  • ShinyHunters has launched numerous attacks in recent months targeting Salesforce instances, according to researchers at Google. The group targeted one of Google’s own Salesforce instances earlier this month. 
  • Reliaquest recently published evidence of possible collaboration between ShinyHunters and Scattered Spider, including ticket-themed phishing domains and Salesforce credential-harvesting pages. 

• Per Dark Reading,
  • “In this interview from Black Hat USA 2025, Philippe Laulheret, a senior vulnerability researcher at Cisco Talos, discusses his discovery of the “ReVault” vulnerability affecting millions of Dell business laptops. 
  • “Laulheret found that the Control Vault (also called a unified secure hub) — a control board connecting peripherals like fingerprint readers and smart card readers to Dell Latitude and Precision laptops — contained multiple security flaws that allow any user to communicate with the board through undocumented APIs, potentially leading to memory corruption, code execution, extraction of secret keys, and permanent firmware modification.”

• Per Bleeping Computer,
  • “Six major password managers with tens of millions of users are currently vulnerable to unpatched clickjacking flaws that could allow attackers to steal account credentials, 2FA codes, and credit card details.
  • “Threat actors could exploit the security issues when victims visit a malicious page or websites vulnerable to cross-site scripting (XSS) or cache poisoning, where attackers overlay invisible HTML elements over the password manager interface.
  • “While users believe they are interacting with harmless clickable elements, they trigger autofill actions that leak sensitive information.
  • “The flaws were presented during the recent DEF CON 33 hacker conference by independent researcher Marek Tóth. Researchers at cybersecurity company Socket later verified the findings and helped inform impacted vendors and coordinate public disclosure.
  • “The researcher tested his attack on certain versions of 1Password, Bitwarden, Enpass, iCloud Passwords, LastPass, and LogMeOnce, and found that all their browser-based variants could leak sensitive info under certain scenarios.”
• and
  • “A new infostealer malware targeting Mac devices, called ‘Shamos,’ is targeting Mac devices in ClickFix attacks that impersonate troubleshooting guides and fixes.
  • “The new malware, which is a variant of the Atomic macOS Stealer (AMOS), was developed by the cybercriminal group “COOKIE SPIDER,” and is used to steal data and credentials stored in web browsers, Keychain items, Apple Notes, and cryptocurrency wallets.
  • “CrowdStrike, which detected Shamos, reports that the malware has attempted infections against over three hundred environments worldwide that they monitor since June 2025.”

From the ransomware front,

• Cybersecurity Dive reports on August 20,
  • “The pharmaceutical and biotechnology company Inotiv Inc. is investigating a cyberattack that led to hackers encrypting the firm’s data, it said in a filing on Monday with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. 
  • “The Aug. 8 attack disrupted access to certain data storage and business applications, according to Innotiv. The company said it is working to bring certain systems back online and has moved some operations to offline alternatives in order to maintain business continuity.  
  • The company has restricted access to its systems, retained third-party experts and notified law enforcement, according to its SEC filing.” * * *
  • “The hackers behind the Qilin ransomware have claimed credit for the attack, according to researchers at Huntress and Kroll.”
    
• Bleeping Computer adds on August 22,
  • “Kidney dialysis firm DaVita has confirmed that a ransomware gang that breached its network stole the personal and health information of nearly 2.7 million individuals.
  • “DaVita serves over 265,400 patients across 3,113 outpatient dialysis centers, 2,660 in the United States, and 453 centers in 13 other countries worldwide. The company reported revenues of over $12 billion in 2024 and of $3.3 billion for the second quarter of 2025.
  • “In April, the healthcare provider revealed in a filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) that its operations were disrupted after attackers partially encrypted its network over the weekend.
  • “According to a dedicated website with more information regarding the resulting data breach, the attackers gained access to DaVita’s network on March 24 and were evicted after the company detected the incident on April 12.” * * *
  • “Although the kidney dialysis firm hasn’t linked the attack to a specific ransomware operation, the Interlock ransomware gang claimed responsibility for the breach in late April.
  • “Interlock also leaked the allegedly stolen data on its dark web portal after negotiations with DaVita had failed, claiming it had stolen roughly 1.5 terabytes of data from the company’s compromised systems, or nearly 700,000 files containing what appeared to be sensitive patient records, insurance details, user account information, and financial data.”

• Dark Reading points out that “Researchers highlight how Warlock, a new ransomware heavyweight, uses its sophisticated capabilities to target on-premises SharePoint instances.”

From the cybersecurity business and defenses front,

• Cybersecurity Dive reports,
  • “Enterprise software spending will sustain double-digit growth through 2029, according to Forrester projections. Vendor revenues grew 11% on average during the first quarter of the year, the analyst firm said in a July report.
  • “Infrastructure software spend will lead the charge, increasing 13.3% over the next four years, as enterprises stock up on cloud services, security tools and AI capabilities. The market for application software, a category that includes IT operations management, enterprise resource planning, and supply chain tools, will see slower growth of 9.5%, the firm said.
  • “Database management services will help shore up software market growth, as enterprises lay the groundwork for generative AI and agentic automation tools. The firm previously estimated off-the-shelf AI governance software spend to more than quadruple from 2024 to 2030, nearing $16 billion and capturing 7% of the software market.”
• and
  • “Many business leaders still aren’t following cybersecurity best practices to protect their organizations from costly intrusions, according to a report that the consulting giant Unisys published on Tuesday [August 21].
  • “Only 62% of organizations have or are setting up a zero-trust network architecture, only 61% are prioritizing post-incident recovery and only 45% deploy or plan to deploy managed detection and response software.
  • “Only 42% of organizations said they use or plan to use digital identity and access management services, which are considered essential for stopping attacks that exploit legitimate credentials.”

• Dark Reading informs us,
  • “Cyber insurers are testing out new ways to hold policyholders accountable for outdated security, limiting payouts when policyholders fall prey to attacks that use older vulnerabilities or take advantage of holes in the organizations’ defenses.
  • “Potential risk-limiting approaches include a sliding scale of accountability — and payouts — based on an unpatched vulnerability’s half-life, or whether a company failed to fix a critical vulnerability within a certain number of days, according to a blog post penned by cyber insurer Coalition, which does not support such approaches. Dubbed CVE exclusions, after the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system widely used to assign identifiers to software security issues, the tactic is not yet widely adopted, and most examples are from insurers outside the US, the firm stated.
  • The limits could start showing up in companies’ policies, however, if demand for cyber insurance continues to grow, creating a seller’s market, says John Coletti, head of cyber underwriting at Coalition
  • “While we will not name names, there are specific examples of this occurring within the industry,” he says. “A company should be highly skeptical of buying a policy with a CVE exclusion.”
    
• Info-Security Magazine relates,
  • “The US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has published new guidelines it claims will help organizations optimize their efforts to detect face morphing software.
  • “Face morphing is a type of deepfake technology that enables threat actors to blend the photos of two people into a single image. In doing so, it simplifies identity fraud by tricking face recognition systems into erroneously identifying an image as belonging to both original individuals.
  • “In this way, individual A can assume the identity of individual B and vice versa, NIST said.
  • “The new report, Face Analysis Technology Evaluation (FATE) MORPH 4B: Considerations for Implementing Morph Detection in Operations (NISTIR 8584), offers an introduction to the topic and key detection methods.
  • “It focuses mainly on the pros and cons of various investigatory techniques, and ways to prevent morphs from entering operational systems in locations such as passport application offices and border crossings.”

• Here is a link to Dark Reading’s CISO Corner.

From the cybersecurity policy and law enforcement front,

• Cybersecurity Dive tells us,
  • “The Trump administration should slash cybersecurity regulations and double down on winning the trust of the private sector, the U.S. tech industry’s largest trade group said in a paper published Tuesday [August 12, 2025].
  • “In a report laying out recommendations for the White House’s Office of the National Cyber Director — now helmed by newly confirmed Trump appointee Sean Cairncross — the Information Technology Industry Council said the government should focus on “results-driven action.”
  • “There is a need to prioritize impactful security outcomes, slash red tape, rethink legacy network architectures, invest in secure modern systems, and strengthen trusted partnerships between the public and private sectors,” ITI said.
  • “Achieving results, the group argued, “means empowering defenders with what they need to win: efficiency, appropriate resourcing, and the freedom to focus on real threats, not on navigating a web of regulatory regimes.”

• Cyberscoop observes,
  • “Two executive orders President Donald Trump has signed in recent months could prove to have a more dramatic impact on cybersecurity than first thought, for better or for worse.
  • Overall, some of Trump’s executive orders have been more about sending a message than spurring lasting change, as there are limits to their powers. Specifically, some of the provisions of the two executive orders with cyber ramifications — one from March on state and local preparedness generally, and one from June explicitly on cybersecurity — are more puzzling to cyber experts than anything else, while others preserve policies of the prior administration which Trump has criticized in harsh terms. Yet others might fall short of the orders’ intentions, in practice.
  • But amid the flurry of personnel changes, budget cuts and other executive branch activity in the first half of 2025 under Trump, the full scope of the two cyber-related executive orders might have been somewhat overlooked. And the effects of some of those orders could soon begin coming to fruition as key top Trump cyber officials assume their posts.

• Federal News Network reports,
  • “The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency has rolled out new guidance to help deal with what some cyber experts say is a rising concern: a lack of visibility into threats to operational technology.
  • CISA on Wednesday [August 13, 2025] published “Foundations for OT Cybersecurity: Asset Inventory Guidance for Owners and Operators.” CISA developed the guidance in conjunction with other agencies, including the Environmental Protection Agency, the National Security Agency, the FBI and several international partners.
  • The guidance focuses on operational technology, which refers to hardware and software that monitor and control physical processes in industrial settings.
  • “OT systems are essential to the daily lives of all Americans and to national security,” Acting CISA Director Madhu Gottumukkala said in a press release. “They power everything from water systems and energy grids to manufacturing and transportation networks. As cyber threats continue to evolve, CISA through this guidance provides deeper visibility into OT assets as a critical first step in reducing risk and ensuring operational resilience.”

• Federal News Network also interviews Steve Shirley, Executive director, National Defense Information Sharing and Analysis Center, and J.R. Williamson, “Vice president and chief information security officer, Leidos, about the evolution of zero trust. “Federal agencies are learning that implementing Zero Trust means more than deploying new tools. It requires rethinking how users, devices and data interact across every layer of the enterprise.”

• The American Hospital Association News informs us,
  • “The Department of Justice Aug. 11 announced a series of actions taken against the BlackSuit ransomware group, also known as “Royal,” including the disruption of four servers and nine domains July 24. BlackSuit attacks have targeted health care and other critical infrastructure sectors, DOJ said. 
  • “There is no doubt that the private sector also contributed information to facilitate this disruption, once again highlighting the value of public private operational engagement,” said John Riggi, AHA national advisor for cybersecurity and risk. “The BlackSuit/Royal ransomware group is directly responsible for multiple disruptive attacks against hospitals and health systems, posing a direct risk to patient and community safety. We hope these aggressive law enforcement operations continue at a pace that will meaningfully degrade foreign cyber adversaries’ abilities to harm the American public.”  

From the cybersecurity vulnerabilities and breaches front,

• Cybersecurity Dive reports,
  • “The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) and Microsoft on Tuesday [August 12, 2025,] updated their mitigation guidance for a high-severity flaw in Exchange Server.
  • The flaw, tracked as CVE-2025-53786, could allow an attacker with administrative privileges for on-premises versions of Exchange to escalate privileges by exploiting vulnerable hybrid joined configurations, Microsoft and CISA said last week. 
  • In an update on Tuesday, CISA said it still saw no evidence of hackers exploiting the flaw, but it urged organizations to review Microsoft’s updated guidance on identifying Exchange Servers on a network and running the Microsoft Exchange Health Checker.
  • “In its updated security bulletin, Microsoft said an attacker could potentially escalate privileges from an on-premises server to a connected cloud environment without leaving an “easily detectable and auditable trace.” 

• Bloomberg Law reports,
  • “Russian government hackers lurked in the records system of the US courts for years and stole sensitive documents that judges had ordered sealed from public view, according to two people familiar with the matter and a report seen by Bloomberg News.
  • “The attackers had access to what was supposed to be protected information for multiple years, the report on the breach shows. They gained access by exploiting stolen user credentials and a cybersecurity vulnerability in an outdated server used by the federal judiciary, according to the report, which says the hackers specifically searched for sealed records. 
  • “The report, which was reviewed in part by Bloomberg, doesn’t identify the attackers. But investigators found evidence that they were a Russian state-sponsored hacking group, according to the people, who spoke on condition that they not be named because they were not authorized to discuss the matter.
  • “It’s unclear exactly when the hackers first penetrated the system and when the courts became aware of the breach. Last fall, the judiciary hired a cybersecurity firm to help address it, said one of the people.” * * *
  • “The intrusion was previously reported by Politico, while the New York Times earlier reported that Russia was at least in part behind the cyberattack.
  • “The hackers targeted sealed documents in espionage and other sensitive cases, including ones involving fraud, money laundering and agents of foreign governments, Bloomberg Law reported on Tuesday [August 12, 2025]. Such records often include sensitive information that, in the wrong hands, could be used to compromise criminal and national security investigations, or to identify people who provide information to law enforcement.”

• Per Cybersecurity Dive,
  • “Xerox has issued a security upgrade for critical and high-severity vulnerabilities in its FreeFlow Core product that researchers said could have allowed an attacker to remotely execute code.”
• and
  • Virtually all companies have experienced some type of intrusion due to vulnerable code, application security firm Checkmarx said in a report released Thursday [August 14, 2025.
  • Nearly eight in 10 firms reported experiencing such breaches in 2023, but that figure climbed more than 90% last year and reached 98% this year.
  • At the same time, eight in 10 companies said they sometimes or often released software with code they knew was vulnerable, up from two-thirds in 2024. “This isn’t oversight,” Checkmarx said. “It’s strategy.”

• CISA added five known exploited vulnerabilities to its catalog this week.
  • August 12, 2025
    • CVE-2013-3893 Microsoft Internet Explorer Resource Management Errors Vulnerability
    • CVE-2007-0671 Microsoft Office Excel Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    • CVE-2025-8088 RARLAB WinRAR Path Traversal Vulnerability
      • Security Affairs discusses these KVEs here.
  • August 13, 2025
    • CVE-2025-8875 N-able N-central Insecure Deserialization Vulnerability
    • CVE-2025-8876 N-able N-central Command Injection Vulnerability
      • Dark Reading discusses these KVEs here.
        
• Per Bleeping Computer,
  • “Security researchers have created a new FIDO downgrade attack against Microsoft Entra ID that tricks users into authenticating with weaker login methods, making them susceptible to phishing and session hijacking.
  • “These weaker login channels are vulnerable to adversary-in-the-middle phishing attacks that employ tools like Evilginx, enabling attackers to snatch valid session cookies and hijack the accounts.
  • “Although the attack doesn’t prove a vulnerability in FIDO itself, it shows that the system can be bypassed, which is a crucial weakness.
  • “This is especially worrying considering the increased adoption of FIDO-based authentication in critical environments, a consequence of the technology being touted as extremely phishing-resistant.”
• and
  • “Cisco is warning about a critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in the RADIUS subsystem of its Secure Firewall Management Center (FMC) software.
  • “Cisco FCM is a management platform for the vendor’s Secure Firewall products, which provides a centralized web or SSH-based interface to allow administrators to configure, monitor, and update Cisco firewalls.
  • ‘RADIUS in FMC is an optional external authentication method that permits connecting to a Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service server instead of local accounts.”

From the ransomware front,

• Halcyon informs us,
  • “Black Hat 2025 had plenty of shiny new toys and buzzword-heavy sessions, but the real story was hiding in plain sight. No ransomware track. No packed panel on the threat that has cost organizations billions and taken down some of the most secure environments on the planet. The only time it truly took center stage was when Mikko Hyppönen made it impossible to ignore. 
  • “For those paying attention, three truths stood out. Agentic AI will accelerate ransomware campaigns to speeds that will overwhelm unprepared defenders. Ransomware is the next stage in the evolution of malware, and it will only become more capable. Modern security stacks, no matter how mature or expensive, are still being bypassed with troubling ease.” 

• Bleeping Computer adds,
  • Ransomware and infostealer threats are evolving faster than most organizations can adapt. While security teams have invested heavily in ransomware resilience, particularly through backup and recovery systems, Picus Security’s Blue Report 2025 shows that today’s most damaging attacks aren’t always about encryption.
  • Instead, both ransomware operators and infostealer campaigns often focus on credential theft, data exfiltration, and lateral movement, leveraging old-school stealth and persistence to achieve their objectives with minimal disruption.
  • The evolving adversary tactics are clearly visible when comparing the findings from the Blue Report 2025, based on over 160 million real-world attack simulations, and the Red Report 2025, which analyzes the latest trends in malware, threat actors, and exploitation techniques.
  • The overlap between the two reports reveals a clear and concerning signal: defenders are falling behind on detecting the very tactics that adversaries now favor the most.

• InfoSecurity Magazine reports,
  • “An ongoing data extortion campaign targeting Salesforce customers could soon turn its attention to financial services firms, security experts have warned.
  • “The notorious ShinyHunters group has been blamed for a series of data breaches impacting big names in the fashion (LVMH, Chanel, Pandora, Adidas) and aviation (Qantas, Air France-KLM) sectors. These victims are typically targeted with vishing for logins to their Salesforce accounts and are sometimes also tricked into downloading a malicious app for similar purposes.”

• Per Dark Reading,
  • “An emerging ransomware actor is using sophisticated techniques in the style of an advanced persistent threat group (APT) to target organizations with customized ransom demands, posing a significant risk to businesses.
  • “Charon is a new ransomware family (named for the ferryman from Greek mythology who carried souls across the River Styx to Hades); Trend Micro observed it being deployed in a targeted attack in the Middle East’s public sector and aviation industry — the first such record of Charon observed in the wild, according to new research from the firm.
  • “The ransomware leverages techniques such as DLL sideloading, process injection, and anti-EDR capabilities, which are typically the hallmark of advanced threat actors and — in this case — reminiscent of campaigns by the group Earth Baxia, according to a Trend Micro blog post published today.
  • “The attack chain leveraged a legitimate browser-related file, Edge.exe (originally named cookie_exporter.exe), to sideload a malicious msedge.dll (SWORDLDR), which subsequently deployed the Charon ransomware payload,” Trend Micro threat researchers wrote in the post.”
• and
  • “Researchers spotted a new Crypto24 ransomware campaign that they say marks a “dangerous evolution” in the threat landscape.
  • “According to Trend Micro researchers, recent attacks by Crypto24 actors display a combination of advanced evasion techniques and custom tools that can disable EDR solutions — including Trend Micro’s own Vision One platform. Crypto24 was first spotted in 2024 but hadn’t made much of impact until recently, when it became the latest ransomware gang to bypass EDR platforms and security solutions.
  • Trend Micro’s report, published Thursday, details how Crypto24 has demonstrated a high level of skill that sets it apart from other ransomware gangs. For example, researchers noted how “Crypto24 actors deftly deploy a broad range of tools that include legitimate programs like PSExec and AnyDesk for remote access and lateral movement, as well as Google Drive for data exfiltration.
  • “More importantly, Crypto24’s successful deployment of a customized RealBlindingEDR (an open source tool for disabling security solutions) variant that neutralized our security controls shows their capability to maneuver around modern defenses,” the report said. “The threat actor’s customized version employs advanced evasion, likely via unknown vulnerable drivers, showcasing deep technical expertise and ongoing tool refinement.”

From the cybersecurity business and defenses front,

• Cyberscoop names its Cyberscoop 50 award winners for 2025.
  • “The CyberScoop 50 Awards recognize those who have been honored for their work in protecting vital networks, information and critical infrastructure. Through their hard work, ingenuity, and creativity, they aim to fend off hackers, stay ahead of adversaries and protect American networks.”

• HelpNet Security lets us know,
  • “Security leaders are rethinking their approach to cybersecurity as digital supply chains expand and generative AI becomes embedded in critical systems. A recent survey of 225 security leaders conducted by Emerald Research found that 68% are concerned about the risks posed by third-party software and components. While most say they are meeting regulatory requirements, 60% admit attackers are evolving too fast to maintain resilience.” * * *
  • “Penetration testing is no longer treated as a box to check. It has become a core element of enterprise security programs. Eighty-eight percent of security leaders now consider it vital. Over half say they use pentests to validate their own software. More than half also require third-party pentests before releasing software to customers.
  • “The survey found that 49% plan to use pentesting to identify software supply chain vulnerabilities, and 44% intend to use it to uncover insider threats. The practice is being integrated across the development life cycle and procurement workflows.
  • “Generative AI is emerging as a new and unpredictable risk. Sixty-six percent of respondents say GenAI helps attackers analyze data and evade defenses. More than half worry that AI can automate the entire attack lifecycle, and 62% are concerned that AI development tools may introduce hidden vulnerabilities into codebases.”

• Dark Reading discusses cybersecurity budgeting here and here.

• Following the Blackhat Conference, Dark Reading’s CISO Corner is back.

From the cybersecurity policy and law enforcement front,

• NextGov/FCW tells us,
  • “The Senate confirmed Sean Cairncross to serve as national cyber director in a 59-35 vote on Saturday night [August 2], making him the first Senate-approved cybersecurity official of President Donald Trump’s second term.
  • “Cairncross is a former Republican National Committee official and was CEO of the Millennium Challenge Corporation agency during Trump’s first term. As national cyber director, he will be tasked with overseeing an office first stood up under the Biden administration, which serves as the key White House cyber policy interlocutor across federal agencies and Capitol Hill.” 

• Cyberscoop adds,
  • “Sean Cairncross took his post this week as national cyber director at what many agree is a “pivotal” time for the office, giving him a chance to shape its future role in the bureaucracy, tackle difficult policy issues, shore up industry relations and take on key threats.
  • “The former White House official, Republican National Committee leader and head of a federal foreign aid agency became just the third Senate-confirmed national cyber director at an office (ONCD) that’s only four years old. He’s the first person President Donald Trump has assigned to the position after the legislation establishing it became law at the end of his first term.”

• Cybersecurity Dive informs us,
  • “The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency [CISA] has continued its work to protect federal networks and support critical infrastructure providers despite massive job cuts and resource constraints, two senior CISA officials said during the Black Hat USA cybersecurity conference here Thursday.
  • “We are not retreating, we’re advancing in a new direction,” CISA CIO Robert Costello said during a panel discussion.
  • “Chris Butera, the acting head of CISA’s Cybersecurity Division, added that, while the agency “did lose people” to the Trump administration’s downsizing program — roughly a third of its employees — CISA still has “a very talented workforce.” He cited the agency’s around-the-clock response to major vulnerabilities in Microsoft SharePoint as an example of CISA’s continued capacity.”
• and
  • “The U.S. government is still pushing agencies to adopt zero-trust network designs, continuing a project that gained steam during the Biden administration, a senior cybersecurity policy official said on Wednesday.
  • “It must continue to move forward,” Michael Duffy, the acting federal chief information security officer, said during a panel at the Black Hat cybersecurity conference. “That architectural side of it is very important for us to get right as we integrate new technologies [like] artificial intelligence into the ways we operate.”
  • “Zero-trust networking emphasizes the concept of throwing up hurdles to hackers who penetrate a computer system, limiting the damage they can do by sealing off parts of the network and requiring strict user authentication.”

• Per Dark Reading,
  • “As the Department of Defense (DoD) continues to make deeper strides in implementing its Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (currently CMMC 2.0), we find ourselves at the cusp of what feels like its next iteration, CMMC 3.0, marking the next evolution in its efforts to strengthen cybersecurity across the defense industrial base (DIB). While the updated framework builds on the structure of CMMC 2.0, this new update would include clearer expectations and stricter enforcement, particularly for organizations handling controlled unclassified information (CUI). The DoD’s message is clear: Reducing risk and enhancing resilience are now mission-critical for any company supporting national defense.”

• Cybersecurity Dive adds,
  • “The Chinese government has such vast hacking resources that it’s targeting tiny companies in the U.S. defense industrial base that never imagined they would end up on Beijing’s radar, a National Security Agency official said here Wednesday.
  • “China’s hacking resources outnumber those of the U.S. and [its] allies combined, and China has stolen more corporate data from the United States than any other nation in the world,” Bailey Bickley, chief of DIB defense at the NSA’s Cybersecurity Collaboration Center, said during a session at the Black Hat USA cybersecurity conference.
  • “Although best known for its intelligence-collection role, the NSA is also responsible for helping defense contractors safeguard their systems. Recently, the agency has been doing that through free security services — including classified information sharing and a protective DNS offering — from the Cybersecurity Collaboration Center.
  • “When we engage with small companies” in the defense industrial base, “they often think that what they do is not important enough to be targeted” by China, Bickley said. “But when you have the significant resources like that to conduct mass scanning and mass exploitation, there is no company and no target too small.”
• and
  • “The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency on Friday [August 8] unveiled the winners of a competition to spur the development of artificial intelligence tools designed to autonomously find and fix software vulnerabilities.
  • “Team Atlanta, Trail of Bits and Theori claimed the top three spots in DARPA’s AI Cyber Challenge, agency officials said at the DEF CON cybersecurity conference here. They will receive prizes of $4 million, $3 million and $1.5 million, respectively.
  • “All seven finalist teams will open source their AI tools so that the entire world can use them. Four of the tools debuted on Friday, while the remaining three will be released in the next few weeks.’

• Cyberscoop reports,
  • “BlackSuit’s technical infrastructure was seized in a globally coordinated takedown operation last month that authorities touted as a significant blow in the fight against cybercrime. The ransomware group’s leak site has displayed a seizure notice since July 24.
  • “The takedown followed a long investigation, which allowed authorities to confiscate “considerable amounts of data,” and identify 184 victims, German officials said in a news release last week. The group’s total extortion demands surpassed $500 million by August 2024, with demands typically in the range of $1 million to $10 million, the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency said in an advisory last year. 
  • “U.S. authorities were heavily involved in the operation, but have yet to share details about the investigation or its results. BlackSuit’s extortion site was seized by the Department of Homeland Security’s Homeland Security Investigation department, a unit of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement. 
  • “A spokesperson for ICE told CyberScoop the Justice Department has been waiting for court documents to be unsealed before releasing any information about the law enforcement action dubbed “Operation Checkmate.” The FBI, Secret Service, Europol and cyber authorities from the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Ireland, Ukraine, Lithuania and Romania-based cybersecurity firm Bitdefender were also involved in the operation.” 

• Dark Reading relates,
  • “Two senior executives and founders of the Samourai Wallet cryptocurrency mixer have pleaded guilty to charges involving washing more than $200 million for cybercriminals and other nefarious types.
  • “CEO Keonne Rodriguez and chief technology officer William Lonergan Hill admitted to operating a money-transmitting business that handled criminal proceeds. They have pleaded guilty to conspiracy and face a maximum sentence of five years in prison in addition to the fine.
  • “The US Department of Justice first arrested Rodriguez and Hill in April of last year on two counts of conspiracy: operating an unlicensed money-transmitting business and money laundering, the latter of which carries a maximum sentence of 20 years.”

From the cybersecurity breaches and vulnerabilities front,

• FedScoop reports,
  • “The U.S. judiciary announced plans to increase security for sensitive information on its case management system following what it described as “recent escalated cyberattacks of a sophisticated and persistent nature.”
  • “In a Thursday [August 7] statement, the federal judiciary said it’s “taking additional steps to strengthen protections for” that information. It also said it’s “further enhancing security of the system and to block future attacks, and it is prioritizing working with courts to mitigate the impact on litigants.”
  • “The statement from the third branch comes one day after a Politico report revealed that its case filing system had recently been breached. That report cited unnamed sources who were concerned that the identities of confidential court informants may have been compromised.”

• Cyberscoop tells us,
  • “Federal cyber authorities issued an alert Wednesday evening about a high-severity vulnerability affecting on-premises Microsoft Exchange servers shortly after a researcher presented findings of the defect at Black Hat. 
  • “Microsoft also issued an advisory about the vulnerability — CVE-2025-53786 — and said it’s not aware of exploitation in the wild. 
  • “While the public disclosure and advisories about the defect came late in the day amid one of the largest cybersecurity conferences, Tom Gallagher, VP of engineering at Microsoft Security Response Center, told CyberScoop the timing was coordinated for release following Mollema’s presentation.
  • “Gallagher stressed that exploitation requires an attacker to achieve administrative access to an on-premises Exchange server in a hybrid environment.” 
• and
  • “SonicWall warned customers to disable encryption services on Gen 7 firewalls in the wake of an active attack spree targeting a yet-to-be identified vulnerability affecting a critical firewall service. Attacks have increased notably since Friday, the company said in a blog post.
  • “Threat hunters and incident responders from Arctic Wolf, Google and Huntress have observed a wave of ransomware attacks beginning as early as July 15. Mounting evidence points to a zero-day vulnerability affecting the secure sockets layer (SSL) VPN protocol as the initial attack vector.
  • “A financially motivated threat actor is actively compromising victim environments and deploying Akira ransomware,” Charles Carmakal, CTO at Mandiant Consulting, said in a LinkedIn post Tuesday. “The speed and scale of the compromises suggests a potential zero-day vulnerability in SonicWall Gen 7 firewalls.”
  • “SonicWall said an ongoing investigation has yet to determine if the attacks involve a previously disclosed vulnerability or a zero-day. “If a new vulnerability is confirmed, we will release updated firmware and guidance as quickly as possible,” Bret Fitzgerald, senior director of global communications at SonicWall, told CyberScoop.”

• Per Bleeping Computer,
  • “Trend Micro has warned customers to immediately secure their systems against an actively exploited remote code execution vulnerability in its Apex One endpoint security platform.
  • “Apex One is an endpoint security platform designed to automatically detect and respond to threats, including malicious tools, malware, and vulnerabilities.
  • “This critical security flaw (tracked as CVE-2025-54948 and CVE-2025-54987 depending on the CPU architecture) is due to a command injection weakness in the Apex One Management Console (on-premise) that enables pre-authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code remotely on systems running unpatched software.
  • “Trend Micro has yet to issue security updates to patch this actively exploited vulnerability, but it has released a mitigation tool that provides short-term mitigation against exploitation attempts.”
• and
  • “A recently fixed WinRAR vulnerability tracked as CVE-2025-8088 was exploited as a zero-day in phishing attacks to install the RomCom malware.
  • “The flaw is a directory traversal vulnerability that was fixed in WinRAR 7.13, which allows specially crafted archives to extract files into a file path selected by the attacker.
  • “When extracting a file, previous versions of WinRAR, Windows versions of RAR, UnRAR, portable UnRAR source code and UnRAR.dll can be tricked into using a path, defined in a specially crafted archive, instead of user specified path,” reads the WinRAR 7.13 changelog.”
    
• CISA added three known exploited vulnerabilities to its catalog this week.
  • August 5, 2025
    • “CVE-2020-25078 D-Link DCS-2530L and DCS-2670L Devices Unspecified Vulnerability
    • “CVE-2020-25079 D-Link DCS-2530L and DCS-2670L Command Injection Vulnerability
    • “CVE-2022-40799 D-Link DNR-322L Download of Code Without Integrity Check Vulnerability”
      • The Hacker News discusses these KVEs.

• Per SC Media,
  • “Dormant service accounts with privileges were found in more than 70% of enterprise environments according to new research released by BeyondTrust on Aug. 4 at BlackHat in Las Vegas.
  • “The researchers also reported that overly permissive Entra Service Principals create direct pathways to Global Admin privileges, exposing entire Microsoft 365 environments to potential takeover.
  • “According to BeyondTrust, credentials reused across multiple service accounts by human administrators can also let a single compromised password hack numerous non-human accounts.”
  • “Our data shows that many organizations lack the complete story when it comes to their identity attack surface,” said Marc Maiffret, chief technology officer at BeyondTrust. “For many, overlooked hygiene issues silently open the door to attackers. And with the rise of Agentic AI, the stakes have never been higher, especially as most organizations lack visibility into how compromised accounts can be leveraged to seize control of application secrets, which often carry elevated privileges.”

• Security Week points out,
  • “Five vulnerabilities in the ControlVault3 firmware and the associated Windows APIs expose millions of Dell laptops to persistent implants and Windows login bypasses via physical access, Cisco Talos reports.
  • “The issues, tracked as CVE-2025-24311, CVE-2025-25215, CVE-2025-24922, CVE-2025-25050, and CVE-2025-24919, were initially disclosed on June 13, when Dell announced that patches for them were rolled out for over 100 Dell Pro, Latitude, and Precision models.
  • “The affected component, ControlVault3 (and the ControlVault3+ iteration), is a hardware-based system meant to securely store passwords, biometric information, and security codes.”

From the ransomware front,

• Bleeping Computer reports,
  • “Ransomware gangs have recently joined ongoing attacks targeting a Microsoft SharePoint vulnerability chain, part of a broader exploitation campaign that has already led to the breach of at least 148 organizations worldwide.
  • “Security researchers at Palo Alto Networks’ Unit 42 have discovered a 4L4MD4R ransomware variant, based on open-source Mauri870 code, while analyzing incidents involving this SharePoint exploit chain (dubbed “ToolShell”).
  • “The ransomware was detected on July 27 after discovering a malware loader that downloads and executes the ransomware from theinnovationfactory[.]it (145.239.97[.]206).
  • “The loader was spotted following a failed exploitation attempt that revealed malicious PowerShell commands designed to disable security monitoring on the targeted device.
  • “Analysis of the 4L4MD4R payload revealed that it is UPX-packed and written in GoLang. Upon execution, the sample decrypts an AES-encrypted payload in memory, allocates memory to load the decrypted PE file, and creates a new thread to execute it,” Unit 42 said.”
• and
  • “A new Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) killer that is considered to be the evolution of ‘EDRKillShifter,’ developed by RansomHub, has been observed in attacks by eight different ransomware gangs.
  • “Such tools help ransomware operators turn off security products on breached systems so they can deploy payloads, escalate privileges, attempt lateral movement, and ultimately encrypt devices on the network without being detected. 
  • “According to Sophos security researchers, the new tool, which wasn’t given a specific name, is used by RansomHub, Blacksuit, Medusa, Qilin, Dragonforce, Crytox, Lynx, and INC.”

• CISA issued an Analysis report about Exploitation of SharePoint Vulnerabilities on August 6.

• InfoSecurity Magazine explains how ransomware actors have expanded tactics beyond encryption and exfiltration.

• Halcyon warns us,
  • “Ransomware remains one of the most destructive and expensive threats facing organizations today. With average ransom demands hitting $3.5M, victims are forced into high-stakes decisions under intense pressure: pay up or risk catastrophic disruption. 
  • “Nearly half of all targeted organizations end up paying, even after negotiations. The impact doesn’t end with encryption: recovery takes weeks, services stall, regulators circle, and trust erodes. Ransomware isn’t just a cybersecurity problem; it’s a full-blown operational crisis.  
  • “The Halcyon team of ransomware experts has put together this extortion group power rankings guide as a quick reference for the extortion threat landscape based on data from throughout Q2-2025, which can be reviewed along with earlier reports here: Power Rankings: Ransomware Malicious Quartile.”

• MSPP Alert adds,
  • “Ransomware doesn’t play fair—and now, neither are the defenders. Sophos and Halcyon are teaming up with a direct integration that goes far beyond traditional intel feeds or industry sharing forums. This partnership isn’t about exchanging threat data after the fact. It’s about coordinating active defenses in real time, within live customer environments.
  • “What makes this different? According to Simon Reed, Chief Research and Scientific Officer at Sophos, it’s not just another “threat feed” dropped into a dashboard. “Sophos and Halcyon’s approach to threat intelligence sharing shifts the status quo from out-of-context threat intelligence (which is still hugely useful as an industry standard approach) to sharing coordinated, real-time defense that meets attackers head-on,” he told MSSP Alert.
  • “Instead of piecing together siloed signals, both companies are now synchronizing responses against a common adversary.”

From the cybersecurity business and reporting front,

• Dark Reading reports,
  • “It was a memorable Black Hat 2025 USA for the founders of Prime Security, the winners of this year’s Startup Spotlight competition.
  • “The Startup Spotlight Competition is a pitch competition for cybersecurity startup companies to present their products and solutions in front of a live audience at Black Hat. In the first phase of the competition, startups of all stripes submitted a pitch describing the company and the products and solutions. A panel of judges reviewed submissions for the competition, looking for companies that fit the bill of “most innovative emerging companies in cybersecurity,” before narrowing down to four: FireTail, Keep Aware, Prime Security, and Twine Security. 
  • “Representatives from each of the four companies pitched their companies and products for the final time to a panel of judges at the Black Hat USA conference in Las Vegas, in a Shark Tank-style competition. While the judges deliberated on the winner, the audience also voted on their favorite. Prime Security won both the judges’ votes as well as the audience’s.”

• Here is a link to Dark Reading’s round up of Black Hat conference news.

• Also per Dark Reading,
  • “Investing in building a human-centric defense involves a combination of adaptive security awareness training, a vigilant and skeptical culture, and the deployment of layered technical controls.”
• and
  • “Data Dump from APT Actor Yields Clues to Attacker Capabilities. The tranche of information includes data on recent campaigns, attack tools, compromised credentials, and command files used by a threat actor believed to be acting on behalf of China or North Korea.”

Door prize from the artificial intelligence front

• Per Security Week,
  • “Red Teams Jailbreak GPT-5 With Ease, Warn It’s ‘Nearly Unusable’ for Enterprise
  • “Researchers demonstrate how multi-turn “storytelling” attacks bypass prompt-level filters, exposing systemic weaknesses in GPT-5’s defenses.”

From the cybersecurity policy and law enforcement front,

• Security Week tells us,
  • “Members of the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee voted 9-6 [on July 31, 2025] to recommend Sean Plankey ’s nomination for director of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, known as CISA, which sits under the Department of Homeland Security.”
    
• Federal News Network informs us that a “new CISA guide helps agencies with next steps on zero trust.”

• The American Hospital Association News points out,
  • “The FBI, Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency and international agencies July 29 released a joint advisory on recent tactics by the Scattered Spider cybercriminal group. The group, observed by federal agencies since November 2023, has members based in the U.S. and U.K. The group has targeted large companies and their IT help desks. Scattered Spider threat actors typically engage in data theft for extortion and also use ransomware variants once in a system to steal information, along with other tactics.  
  • “Scattered Spider often employs tactics like phishing, push bombing and subscriber identity module swap attacks to get credentials, bypass multifactor authentication and gain access to networks,” said Scott Gee, AHA deputy national advisor of cybersecurity and risk. “They have also impersonated company help desks to trick users into divulging credentials. These tactics serve as a reminder of the importance of training to recognize and stop these social engineering attacks. The fact that they are native English speakers can make their social engineering attacks more effective. There have been several arrests of group members recently, but their attacks persist, and their tactics are evolving to evade detection. They are currently targeting Snowflake data storage solutions and stealing customer information.”  

• Cyberscoop reports,
  • “Federal analysts are still sizing up what the Chinese hackers known as Volt Typhoon, who penetrated U.S. critical infrastructure to maintain access within those networks, might have intended by setting up shop there, a Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency official said Thursday.
  • “We still don’t actually know what the result of that is going to be,” said Steve Casapulla, acting chief strategy officer at CISA. “They are in those systems. They are in those systems on the island of Guam, as has been talked about publicly. So what [are] the resulting impacts going to be from a threat perspective? That’s the stuff we’re looking really hard at.”
  • “Casapulla made his remarks at a Washington, D.C. event hosted by Auburn University’s McCrary Institute for Cyber and Critical Infrastructure Security.”
  • FEHBlog observation: Ruh roh! 

• The National Institute of Standards and Technology announced,
  • “In December 2024, NIST’s Crypto Publication Review Board initiated a review of the following Special Publications (SP):
    • “NIST SP 800-56Ar3, Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key-Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography (2018)
    • “NIST SP 800-56Br2, Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key-Establishment Using Integer Factorization Cryptography (2019)
    • “NIST SP 800-56Cr2, Recommendation for Key-Derivation Methods in Key-Establishment Schemes (2020)
  • “In response, NIST received public comments.
  • “NIST proposes to:
    • “update SP 800-56Ar3
    • “reaffirm SP 800-56Br2
    • “revise SP 800-56Cr2
  • “Submit comments on this decision by September 15, 2025, to cryptopubreviewboard@nist.gov with “Comments on SP 800-56 Decision Proposal” in the subject line. Comments received in response to this request will be posted on the Crypto Publication Review Project site after the due date.

• Per Cybersecurity Dive,
  • “The Department of Justice on Thursday announced a $9.8 million settlement with Illumina over allegations that the company sold genomic-sequencing systems with software vulnerabilities to federal agencies for multiple years.
  • “Between 2016 and 2023, the government said, the company sold the systems without having an adequate security program and knowingly failed to incorporate cybersecurity into its product design process.
  • “According to prosecutors’ complaint, Illumina is the dominant company in the global market, with a share of roughly 80%.
  • “Companies that sell products to the federal government will be held accountable for failing to adhere to cybersecurity standards and protecting against cybersecurity risks,” Assistant Attorney General Brett Shumate of the DOJ’s Civil Division said in a statement.”

From the cybersecurity vulnerabilities and breaches front,

• Cyberscoop reports,
  • “Social engineering — an expanding variety of methods that attackers use to trick professionals to gain access to their organizations’ core data and systems — is now the top intrusion point globally, attracting an array of financially motivated and nation-state backed threat groups. 
  • “More than one-third (36%) of the incident response cases Palo Alto Networks’ Unit 42 worked on during the past year began with a social engineering tactic, the company said this week in its global incident response report. 
  • “Threat groups of assorted motivations and origins are fueling the rise of social engineering. Cybercrime collectives such as Scattered Spider and nation-state operatives, including North Korean technical specialists that have infiltrated the employee ranks at top global companies, have adopted social engineering as the primary hook into IT infrastructure and sensitive data.” 
• and
  • “The average cost of a data breach for U.S. companies jumped 9% to an all-time high of $10.22 million in 2025, as the global average cost fell 9% to $4.44 million, IBM said in its 20th annual Cost of a Data Breach Report Wednesday [July 30].
  • While shorter investigations are pushing down costs globally, reflecting the first decline in five years, IBM found higher regulatory fines, along with detection and escalation costs, are driving up the ultimate recovery price in the United States. 
  • “This widening gap helps explain why U.S. organizations continue to face the highest breach costs globally, further compounded by more organizations in the U.S. reporting paying steeper regulatory fines,” Troy Bettencourt, global partner and head of IBM X-Force, said in an email.
  • “The report underscores that organizations face an uneven burden in the wake of data breaches, even as detection and containment times improve. On average, it took organizations 241 days to identify and contain a breach through the one-year period ending in February — a nine-year low, according to IBM.”

• Cybersecurity Dive adds,
  • “A coalition of information-sharing groups urged their members on Wednesday [July 30] to take additional steps to mitigate potential attacks by the cybercrime gang Scattered Spider, which has spent recent months attacking the insurance, retail and airline industries. 
  • “Threat actors such as Scattered Spider are constantly innovating, so organizations must be diligent in continually monitoring their processes and identities to look for new exploits,” the group of information sharing and analysis centers (ISACs) — representing the financial services, food and agriculture, information technology, healthcare, aviation, automotive, retail, maritime and electricity sectors — said in a joint advisory.
  • Their warning came one day after the FBI and the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) warned that Scattered Spider had developed an evolving set of tactics to conduct social-engineering attacks on its targets.
  • The ISACs said they expect the group to continue to find new ways to evade existing security measures.

• Bleeping Computer points out,
  • “Researchers have found that in roughly 80% of cases, spikes in malicious activity like network reconnaissance, targeted scanning, and brute-forcing attempts targeting edge networking devices are a precursor to the disclosure of new security vulnerabilities (CVEs) within six weeks.
  • “This has been discovered by threat monitoring firm GreyNoise, which reports these occurrences are not random, but are rather characterized by repeatable and statistically significant patterns.
  • “GreyNoise bases this on data from its ‘Global Observation Grid’ (GOG) collected since September 2024, applying objective statistical thresholds to avoid results-skewing cherry-picking.
  • “After removing noisy, ambiguous, and low-quality data, the firm ended up with 216 events that qualified as spike events, tied to eight enterprise edge vendors.
  • “Across all 216 spike events we studied, 50 percent were followed by a new CVE within three weeks, and 80 percent within six weeks,” explain the researchers.”

• CISA added three known exploited vulnerabilities to its catalog this week.
  • July 28, 2025
    • CVE-2025-20281 Cisco Identity Services Engine Injection Vulnerability
    • CVE-2025-20337 Cisco Identity Services Engine Injection Vulnerability
      • Bleeping Computer discusses the Cisco vulnerabilities.
    • CVE-2023-2533 PaperCut NG/MF Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) Vulnerability
      • Bleeping Computer discusses the PaperCut KVE.

From the ransomware front,

• HIPAA Journal tells us,
  • “A new report from the cybersecurity firm Semperis suggests ransomware attacks have decreased year-over-year, albeit only slightly. The ransomware risk report indicates healthcare is still a major target for ransomware gangs, with 77% of healthcare organizations targeted with ransomware in the past 12 months. 53% of those attacks were successful.
  • “The report is based on a Censuswide survey of 1,500 IT and security professionals across multiple sectors. While attacks are down slightly, 60% of attacked healthcare organizations report suffering multiple attacks. In 30% of cases, they were attacked more than once in the same month, 35% were attacked in the same week, 14% were attacked multiple times on the same day, and 12% faced simultaneous attacks.
  • “A general trend in recent years, as reported by several firms, is fewer victims of ransomware attacks paying ransoms, although across all industry sectors in the U.S., 81% attacked companies paid the ransom, an increase from last year. Ransom payment was far less common in healthcare. According to Semperis, 53% of healthcare victims paid a ransom to either prevent the publication of stolen data, obtain decryption keys, or both. The ransom paid was less than $500,000 for 55% of companies, 39% paid between $500,000 and $1 million, and 5% paid more than $1 million.”

• Cybersecurity Dive adds,
  • “Manufacturing, information technology and healthcare are top targets of cybercriminals, but ransomware attacks on the oil and gas industry increased dramatically between April 2024 and April 2025, spiking 935%, according to a new report from cybersecurity firm Zscaler.
  • “Oil and gas companies may be facing more attacks because their industrial control systems are increasingly automated and digitized, “expanding the sector’s attack surface,” Zscaler said.
  • “Half of all ransomware attacks listed on leak sites during the April-to-April survey period targeted the United States, and attacks on U.S. targets more than doubled, to 3,671, a figure that exceeds the combined number of ransomware events on the 14 other countries in the top 15 list.”

• Cybersecurity Dive further reports,
  • “A recent wave of ransomware attacks targeting SonicWall firewall devices may be related to a zero-day vulnerability in the products, according to researchers.
  • “Anomalous firewall activity that began on July 15 and involved VPN access through SonicWall SSL VPNs morphed into intrusions the following week, researchers at Arctic Wolf said.
  • “This appears to be affecting SonicOS devices from what we’ve seen so far,” Stefan Hostetler, lead threat intelligence researcher at Arctic Wolf, told Cybersecurity Dive. “Our investigation is still preliminary, so I’m not able to offer much more detail yet.”
  • “Hackers deployed the Akira ransomware variant in hands-on-keyboard attacks after compromising SonicWall SSL VPNs, according to the researchers.”
• and
  • “Researchers from Palo Alto Networks say they are investigating a ransomware attack related to the recently disclosed ToolShell vulnerabilities in Microsoft SharePoint. 
  • “The hackers left the victim a ransom note on Sunday [July 27] claiming they had encrypted files using the 4L4MD4R ransomware. The note warned that any attempt to decrypt the files would result in their deletion.
  • The hackers used PowerShell commands to disable real-time monitoring in Windows Defender, according to Palo Alto Networks researchers. The intruders also bypassed certificate validation.
  • Researchers from Palo Alto Networks say they are investigating a ransomware attack related to the recently disclosed ToolShell vulnerabilities in Microsoft SharePoint. 
  • The hackers left the victim a ransom note on Sunday claiming they had encrypted files using the 4L4MD4R ransomware. The note warned that any attempt to decrypt the files would result in their deletion.
  • The hackers used PowerShell commands to disable real-time monitoring in Windows Defender, according to Palo Alto Networks researchers. The intruders also bypassed certificate validation.
• and
  • “Several major ransomware-as-a-service groups have stopped posting victims to popular leak sites, suggesting that the ecosystem is more dispersed than it used to be, according to a new report from Check Point Software Technologies.
  • “At the same time, many smaller groups that used to affiliate with larger players “are operating independently or seeking new partnerships,” Check Point said in its Thursday report.
  • “Established players are actively competing to recruit these ‘orphaned’ affiliates,” according to the report, which cited competition between prominent groups Qilin and DragonForce for affiliates of the now-defunct RansomHub.”

• Per Bleeping Computer,
  • “A wave of data breaches impacting companies like Qantas, Allianz Life, LVMH, and Adidas has been linked to the ShinyHunters extortion group, which has been using voice phishing attacks to steal data from Salesforce CRM instances.
  • “In June, Google’s Threat Intelligence Group (GTIG) warned that threat actors tracked as UNC6040 were targeting Salesforce customers in social engineering attacks.
  • “In these attacks, the threat actors impersonated IT support staff in phone calls to targeted employees, attempting to persuade them into visiting Salesforce’s connected app setup page. On this page, they were told to enter a “connection code”, which linked a malicious version of Salesforce’s Data Loader OAuth app to the target’s Salesforce environment.”

• SC Media tells us,
  • “Epsilon Red ransomware is being spread via a unique ClickFix lure that convinces victims to download and execute HTML Application files.
  • “The campaign impersonates widely used online services such as Twitch, Kick, Rumble, OnlyFans and the popular Discord Captcha Bot, CloudSEK reported recently.
  • “Like other sites using the ClickFix social-engineering method, these impersonation sites display a fake CAPTCHA prompt, but rather than having the victim copy and paste malicious commands, this version directs them to go to a different page to complete “extra verification steps.”
  • “These extra steps include pressing CTRL + S to save a file, renaming the file to verify.hta, opening the file with Microsoft HTML Application Host (mshta.exe), clicking “YES” if a popup appears and then entering a decoy “verification code” on the original CAPTCHA page. This last step is designed to trick the user into believing they have completed a legitimate verification process.”

• Per InfoSecurity Magazine,
  • “A new ransomware operator called Chaos has launched a wave of intrusions impacting a wide range of sectors, Cisco Talos has reported.
  • “Victims have been predominantly based in the US, with some in the UK, New Zealand India, according to the actor’s data leak site.
  • “Targeting appears to be opportunistic and does not focus on any specific verticals. However, Chaos is focused on “big-game hunting” and uses double-extortion tactics.
  • “In one incident observed by Cisco, the group adopted a novel negotiation strategy, offering an extra ‘reward’ for making payment to the attackers, or additional ‘punishment’ for resisting demands, including the threat of a distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack.
  • “The Chaos ransomware actor is a recent and concerning addition to the evolving threat landscape, having shown minimal historical activity before the current wave of intrusions,” the researchers wrote in a blog dated July 24.”

• Per Trend,
  • “Gunra ransomware’s Linux variant broadens the group’s attack surface, showing the new group’s intent to expand beyond its original scope. 
  • “The Linux variant shows notable features including running up to 100 encryption threads in parallel and supporting partial encryption. It also allows attackers to control how much of each file gets encrypted and allows for the option to keep RSA-encrypted keys in separate keystore files.
  • “Since its first observed activity in April 2025, Gunra ransomware has victimized enterprises from Brazil, Japan, Canada, Turkiye, South Korea, Taiwan, and the United States. Its victims include organizations from the manufacturing, healthcare, IT and agriculture sectors, as well as companies in law and consulting.” 

From the cybersecurity business and defenses front,

• Cyberscoop reports,
  • “Palo Alto Networks has agreed to acquire identity security firm CyberArk for approximately $25 billion, marking the cybersecurity giant’s largest acquisition and its formal entry into the identity security market as the industry continues consolidating amid rising cyber threats.
  • “The transaction ranks among the largest technology acquisitions this year and underscores the market’s focus on identity security in an era of increasing artificial intelligence adoption.
  • “CyberArk, founded over two decades ago, specializes in privileged access management technology that helps organizations control and monitor access to critical systems and accounts. The company’s customers include major corporations such as Carnival Corp., Panasonic, and Aflac. Its technology addresses what security experts consider one of the most vulnerable aspects of enterprise security: managing privileged credentials for both human users and machine identities.
  • “The acquisition comes as cybersecurity companies face pressure to offer comprehensive solutions rather than point products, with customers seeking to streamline their vendor relationships following high-profile breaches. Recent cyberattacks, including Microsoft’s SharePoint vulnerabilities that affected over 100 organizations including U.S. government agencies, have heightened focus on identity protection and privileged access management.”

• ISACA discusses “Defending Against Human-Operated Ransomware Attacks.”

• Per a CISA news release,
  • “Today, the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) released an Eviction Strategies Tool, a no-cost resource designed to support cyber defenders in their efforts to respond to cyber incidents. CISA contracted with MITRE to develop this tool that enables cyber defenders to create tailored response plans and adversary eviction strategies within minutes. They will also be able to develop customized playbooks aimed at containing and evicting adversaries from compromised systems and networks.
  • “The tool includes COUN7ER, a database of atomic post-compromise countermeasures mapped to adversary tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs), and Cyber Eviction Strategies Playbook NextGen, a web-based application that matches incident findings with countermeasures obtained from COUN7ER. Together, these resources help defenders build systematic eviction plans with distinct countermeasures to thwart and evict unique intrusions.”

• Dark Reading adds,
  • “The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), in collaboration with the Department of Energy’s Sandia National Laboratories, has released Thorium, an automated malware and forensic analysis platform, to help enterprise defenders quickly assess malware threats.” * * *
  • “Thorium is available from CISA’s official GitHub repository. Organizations interested in using it will need a deployed Kubernetes cluster, block store, and object store. A successful deployment requires familiarity with Docker containers and compute cluster management.
  • “By making this platform publicly available, we empower the broader cybersecurity community to use advanced tools for malware and forensic analysis,” said Jermaine Roebuck, CISA’s associate director for threat hunting, in a statement. “Scalable analysis of binaries and digital artifacts strengthens our ability to identify and fix vulnerabilities in software.”
    
• Dark Reading offers Black Hat News. The Black Hat conference starts today in Las Vegas.

Exploitation of Microsoft SharePoint Vulnerabilities

• Last Sunday, July 20, the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) added a known exploited vulnerability to its catalog
  • CVE-2025-53770 Microsoft SharePoint Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

• CISA also created an alert on the new KVE, which the agency updated on Tuesday and Thursday.

• The Wall Street Journal reported on July 21,
  • “Microsoft issued an alert about “active attacks” targeting its server software and urged customers to install new security updates that have been released.
  • “Microsoft’s Security Response Center said in a blog post over the weekend that the attacks target on-premises SharePoint server customers and exploit vulnerabilities that were partially addressed by a July security update.
  • “Organizations typically use Microsoft SharePoint to create intranet websites, store and organize information, and facilitate file-sharing among workers. Cloud-based SharePoint Online in Microsoft 365 isn’t affected, the company said.
  • “By Monday, cybersecurity investigators said that the SharePoint attacks were widespread. At least one of the “multiple” hacking groups involved in the attacks was linked to China, according to Google’s Mandiant cybersecurity group.
  • “Microsoft declined to comment beyond its blog post.
  • “Hackers exploiting the SharePoint flaws then stole cryptographic keys that could be used to run commands on the affected server in the future, even if it had been patched, cybersecurity investigators said on Monday.”
• and added on July 24,
  • Last year, Satya Nadella pledged to make security priority number one at Microsoft. A new hack involving China is showing just how difficult that can be.
  • The attack involves several versions of Microsoft’s SharePoint software that serve as a document storage platform for customers who don’t want to use the cloud. Microsoft released patches for a pair of SharePoint bugs earlier this month, but the fixes were quickly bypassed, allowing China-linked hackers to break into hundreds of organizations, according to security researchers.
  • Instead of protecting customers, the faulty patches may have served as a road map for hackers to hone their attacks, the researchers said.
  • It’s the latest in a string of lapses by the technology giant that have benefited China’s vast and global cyber-espionage operations, a top U.S. national security threat. * * *
  • “In the SharePoint attack * * * the issue began in May 2025, at a hacking contest in Berlin where the Vietnamese researcher [and pentester] Dinh Khoa (LinkedIn page) won $100,000 and a laptop.
  • “This is a very hard target so we spent a lot of time digging into it,” Khoa said in an interview posted online after the contest.
  • “To the applause of audience members, he showed how to break into a SharePoint system and was soon escorted into a private room where he explained the bugs to a representative from Microsoft and Dustin Childs, head of threat awareness with cybersecurity company Trend Micro’s Zero Day Initiative. Two months later, on July 8, Microsoft fixed the bugs. They were two of the 130 bugs that Microsoft fixed that month.” * * *
  • “On Saturday [July 19], Microsoft took the unusual step of issuing two emergency patches, which contain “more robust protections” to the bugs that Khoa had found, the company said. SharePoint customers should also change the cryptographic keys used by their servers, a move that—when combined with the new patches—effectively closes the back door created by the attack, Microsoft said.”

• Cyberscoop noted on July 24,
  • The fallout from an attack spree targeting defects in on-premises Microsoft SharePoint servers continues to spread nearly a week after zero-day exploits were discovered, setting off alarms across the globe. More than 400 organizations have been actively compromised across four waves of attacks, according to Eye Security.
  • Multiple government agencies, including the Departments of Energy, Homeland Security and Health and Human Services, have been hit. The California Independent System Operator, which operates some of the state’s wholesale electric grid, was also impacted.
  • As more victims confirm varying levels of compromise from the attack spree, researchers are learning and sharing more details about post-exploit activities. One of the China-based attackers behind the initial wave of attacks, Storm-2603, deployed Warlock ransomware starting July 18, Microsoft Threat Intelligence said Wednesday in an updated blog post.
  • The Chinese government-affiliated threat groups Linen Typhoon and Violet Typhoon — which have been active for at least a decade — are also actively exploiting the zero-day vulnerabilities, Microsoft said. Linen Typhoon has focused on stealing intellectual property and Violet Typhoon is an espionage threat group. Storm is a moniker Microsoft uses for threat groups in development.

• NextGov/FCW discusses the impact of the Sharepoint vulnerabilities on federal government agencie here (Homeland Security, among other agencies affected) and there (Defense Department not affected).

From the cybersecurity breaches and vulnerabilities front,

• Security Week informs us,
  • “The Alcohol & Drug Testing Service (TADTS) is notifying roughly 750,000 people that their personal information was compromised in a July 2024 data breach.
  • “TADTS is based in Texas and was until recently known as the Texas Alcohol and Drug Testing Service. It provides workplace and individual alcohol and drug testing services in Texas and other states.
  • “The incident, TADTS says, was identified on July 9, 2024, and involved unauthorized access to and the theft of data maintained in its systems.
  • “The investigation into the potentially compromised information, conducted with the assistance of a professional data mining team, was concluded only recently, and determined that personal information was included in the stolen data.” * * *
  • “While TADTS did not share details on the type of cyberattack it fell victim to, the infamous BianLian ransomware group took credit for the intrusion on July 14, 2024, claiming the theft of roughly 218 gigabytes of data.
  • “It is unclear whether the hackers released the stolen information publicly, as their Tor-based leak site is currently offline and the group has been quiet for months, with their last known victim announced on March 31.”
• and
  • “Marketing software and services company Cierant Corporation and law firm Zumpano Patricios have independently disclosed data breaches, each impacting more than 200,000 individuals.
  • “What the Cierant and Zumpano Patricios incidents have in common is that the number of impacted people was brought to light in recent days by the healthcare data breach tracker maintained by the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).
  • “The Zumpano Patricios breach impacts nearly 280,000 individuals. The law firm, which has offices in several major US cities, is representing healthcare providers in disputes with health insurance companies over medical service payments to patients. 
  • “Zumpano Patricios is informing impacted individuals that it had detected an intrusion in its IT network on May 6, 2025, but could not determine the date and time of initial access. 
  • “An investigation revealed that the hackers accessed and possibly exfiltrated files containing information such as patient name, date of birth, Social Security number, provider name, health insurer information, dates of service, and amounts charged by the provider and payments they received.”

• Cybersecurity Dive tells us,
  • “Hackers breached the Philadelphia Indemnity Insurance Company in June and stole customer data, the company said in a filing with the California Attorney General’s office. 
  • “An unauthorized party accessed customer data during an intrusion discovered between June 9 and June 10, according to the disclosure.
  • “The company previously called the incident a network outage, however it said there was no ransomware and no encryption. The company did report the incident to law enforcement and retained outside forensic experts to investigate.”

• In addition to the June 20 addition discussed above, CISA added six known exploited vulnerabilities to its catalog this week.
  • July 22, 2025
    • “CVE-2025-49704 Microsoft SharePoint Code Injection Vulnerability
    • “CVE-2025-49706 Microsoft SharePoint Improper Authentication Vulnerability”
      • Cybersecurity Dive explains,
        • “The [Sharefile] intrusions are exploiting ToolShell, an attack sequence that combines remote code injection and network spoofing vulnerabilities tracked as CVE-2025-49704 and CVE-2025-49706.” 
  • Also July 22, 2025,
    • CVE-2025-54309 CrushFTP Unprotected Alternate Channel Vulnerability
      • Tenable discusses the CrushFTP vulnerability
    • CVE-2025-6558 Google Chromium ANGLE and GPU Improper Input Validation Vulnerability
      • Cyber Security News discusses this KVE.
    • CVE-2025-2776 SysAid On-Prem Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference Vulnerability
    • CVE-2025-2775 SysAid On-Prem Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference Vulnerability
      • Security Week discusses the SisAid KVEs.

• Security Week notes,
  • “SonicWall on Wednesday announced patches for a critical vulnerability in Secure Mobile Access (SMA) 100 series secure access gateways, urging organizations to take immediate action in the wake of the recently disclosed Overstep malware attacks.
  • “The newly addressed flaw, tracked as CVE-2025-40599 (CVSS score of 9.1), is described as an arbitrary file upload issue in the SMA 100’s web management interface.
  • “The bug can be exploited by remote attackers to upload arbitrary files to the system, which could lead to remote code execution (RCE). The attackers need administrative privileges to exploit the security defect, SonicWall’s advisory reads.”
• and
  • “The Lumma Stealer has returned after Microsoft and law enforcement caused significant disruption to its infrastructure, Trend Micro reported on Tuesday.” * * *
  • “The ability of Lumma Stealer’s operators to regroup and innovate poses a continued risk to organizations and individuals worldwide,” Trend Micro said. “This emphasizes the need for ongoing vigilance, proactive threat intelligence, and sustained collaboration between law enforcement and the cybersecurity community. Without this, even the most significant takedowns might only offer temporary relief from evolving cyber threats.”

• Per Dark Reading,
  • “A suspected Chinese nation-state threat group is conducting an extensive cyberespionage campaign that takes advantage of vulnerable VMware ESXi and vCenter environments.
  • “Since early 2025, researchers at Sygnia have responded to multiple incidents tied to a cyberespionage campaign they track as “Fire Ant.” According to research published Thursday, Fire Ant actors are establishing initial access in organizations’ VMware systems, which have become popular targets for attackers in recent years.
  • “More importantly, Fire Ant actors used deep knowledge of the target environments and strong capabilities to consistently bypass segmentations and reach isolated portions of the network.”

From the ransomware front,

• In line with this week’s theme, Bleeping Computer points out,
  • “A China-based hacking group is deploying Warlock ransomware on Microsoft SharePoint servers vulnerable to widespread attacks targeting the recently patched ToolShell zero-day exploit chain.
  • “Non-profit security organization Shadowserver is currently tracking over 420 SharePoint servers that are exposed online and remain vulnerable to these ongoing attacks.
  • “Although Microsoft has observed this threat actor deploying Warlock and Lockbit ransomware in the past, Microsoft is currently unable to confidently assess the threat actor’s objectives,” the company said in a Wednesday report.”

• July 22, 2025, CISA issued an alert and advisory on Interlock ransomware.

• Per Bleeping Computer,
  • “Law enforcement has seized the dark web extortion sites of the BlackSuit ransomware operation, which has targeted and breached the networks of hundreds of organizations worldwide over the past several years.
  • “The U.S. Department of Justice confirmed the takedown in an email earlier today, saying the authorities involved in the action executed a court-authorized seizure of the BlackSuit domains.
  • “Earlier today, the websites on the BlackSuit.onion domains were replaced with seizure banners announcing that the ransomware gang’s sites were taken down by the U.S. Homeland Security Investigations federal law enforcement agency as part of a joint international action codenamed Operation Checkmate.”

From the cybersecurity policy and law enforcement front,

• Cyberscoop reports,
  • “The Trump administration’s new AI Action Plan calls for companies and governments to lean into the technology when protecting critical infrastructure from cyberattacks.
  • “But it also recognizes that these systems are themselves vulnerable to hacking and manipulation, and calls for industry adoption of “secure by design” technology design standards to limit their attack surfaces.
  • “The White House plan, released Wednesday, calls for critical infrastructure owners — particularly those with “limited financial resources” — to deploy AI tools to protect their information and operational technologies.
  • “Fortunately, AI systems themselves can be excellent defensive tools,” the plan said. “With continued adoption of AI-enabled cyberdefensive tools, providers of critical infrastructure can stay ahead of emerging threats.” * * *
  • “The Trump plan states that “all use of AI in safety-critical or homeland security applications should entail the use of secure-by-design, robust, and resilient AI systems that are instrumented to detect performance shifts, and alert to potential malicious activities like data poisoning or adversarial example attacks.”
  • “The plan also recommends the creation of a new AI-Information Sharing and Analysis Center (AI-ISAC) led by the Department of Homeland Security to share threat intelligence on AI-related threats.”

• Cybersecurity Dive lets us know,
  • “Sean Plankey, President Donald Trump’s nominee to lead the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, faced sharp questions during a Senate confirmation hearing Thursday about the looming expiration of an information-sharing law and CISA’s work on election security.
  • Plankey — currently a senior adviser to Secretary of Homeland Security Kristi Noem — explained his vision for leading an agency that has experienced major workforce cuts and faces significant budget reductions in Trump’s Fiscal Year 2026 spending proposal.”
  • The Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee will vote on whether to send Mr. Plankey’s nomination to the Senate floor at a business meeting next Thursday.

• Cyberscoop adds,
  • “President Donald Trump’s pick to lead the Cybersecurity and Information Security Agency told senators Thursday that he would prioritize evicting China from the U.S. supply chain, and wouldn’t hesitate to ask for more money for the shrunken agency if he thought it needed it.
  • “If confirmed it will be a priority of mine to remove all Chinese intrusions, exploitations or infestation into the American supply chain,” Sean Plankey told Rick Scott, R-Fla., at his confirmation hearing before the Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee. Scott had asked Plankey about reports of Chinese infiltration of U.S. energy infrastructure.”

• Per a National Institute of Standards and Technology news release,
  • “NIST has issued draft updates to Special Publication (SP) 800-53 to provide additional guidance on how to securely and reliably deploy patches and updates in response to the Executive Order 14306, Sustaining Select Efforts to Strengthen the Nation’s Cybersecurity and Amending Executive Order 13694 and Executive Order 14144. A two-week expedited public comment period on the draft updates is open through August 5, 2025.” 
    
• Per a July 23, 2025, HHS news release,
  • “Today, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Office for Civil Rights (OCR) announced a settlement with Syracuse ASC, LLC doing business as Specialty Surgery Center of Central New York, for potential violations of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) Security and Breach Notification Rules. Syracuse ASC is a single-facility, ambulatory surgery center located in Liverpool, New York that provides ophthalmic and ENT surgical services and pain management procedures to patients.” * * *
  • “The settlement resolves an OCR investigation concerning a ransomware breach of ePHI that affected 24,891 individuals. OCR initiated the investigation in October 2021 after Syracuse ASC reported to HHS that an unauthorized individual had accessed its network in March 2021. Further investigation revealed that Syracuse ASC was affected by a ransomware attack involving the PYSA ransomware variant, which is a cross-platform cyber weapon known to target the healthcare industry. OCR’s investigation found that Syracuse ASC never conducted an accurate and thorough risk analysis to determine the risks and vulnerabilities to the ePHI it held. OCR also found that Syracuse ASC failed to timely notify affected individuals and the Secretary of the breach.
  • “Under the terms of the resolution agreement, Syracuse ASC agreed to implement a corrective action plan that OCR will monitor for 2 years and paid $250,000 to OCR.”

• Cyberscoop reports,
  • “Ukrainian authorities Tuesday [July 22, 2025] arrested the alleged administrator of XSS.is, a Russian-language cybercrime forum, following a four-year investigation by the Paris public prosecutor’s office. 
  • “Law enforcement officials from France and Europol seized the domain of the influential forum following the arrest. Authorities have not named the suspected administrator of XSS.is.
  • “The forum, which was active since 2013, had more than 50,000 registered users and was a key marketplace for stolen data, malware, access to compromised systems and ransomware services, officials said. “It has long been a central platform for some of the most active and dangerous cybercriminal networks, used to coordinate, advertise and recruit,” Europol said in a news release.”

• Dark Reading alerts us,
  • “A “laptop farmer” [Christina Marie Chapman] in Arizona responsible for enabling North Korean IT worker infiltration into US companies is going to jail for eight and a half years, after raising $17 million in illicit funds for Kim Jong-Un’s regime. That news, however, is merely a drop in the justice bucket, and DPRK’s efforts to siphon salaries off of American companies is unlikely to wane anytime soon. So, US organizations need to wrap their heads around the magnitude of the threat.
  • “North Korea’s multiyear HR-compromise effort has the twin goals of earning money for the hermit kingdom’s nuclear program and other efforts via salaries, as well as gaining a foothold inside corporate networks for the purpose of planting cryptominers or malware for stealing secrets.”

• Cybersecurity Dive adds,
  • “The U.S. Department of the Treasury on Thursday [July 24, 2025] sanctioned three North Koreans and their company for participating in remote IT worker scams and other operations designed to generate revenue for Pyongyang.
  • “The sanctions target the North Korean firm Korea Sobaeksu Trading Co., Sobaeksu employee Kim Se Un, Sobaeksu “IT team leader” Jo Kyong Hun and Kim’s associate Myong Chol Min. 
  • “The Treasury Department calls Sobaeksu a front for North Korea’s Munitions Industry Department, which oversees the country’s nuclear weapons program. North Korea “has previously utilized Sobaeksu to send teams of IT workers overseas, including to Vietnam, in order to generate revenue,” the department said.”

From the cybersecurity defenses front,

• HelpNet Security explains “Why we must go beyond tooling and CVEs to illuminate security blind spots.”

• SC Media discusses “exposure management [, which is] a new blueprint for modern cyber defense.

• The Hacker News considers “From Backup to Cyber Resilience: Why IT Leaders Must Rethink Backup in the Age of Ransomware.”

• Here is a link to Dark Reading’s CISO Corner.

From the cybersecurity policy and law enforcement front,

• Cyberscoop reports,
  • “Congress is set to revisit Stuxnet — the malware that wreaked havoc on Iran’s nuclear program 15 years ago — next week in the hopes that the pioneering attack can guide today’s critical infrastructure policy debate, CyberScoop has learned.
  • “The House Homeland Security Subcommittee on Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Protection will hold a hearing July 22 to examine the operation that, according to independent reports, was carried out by the U.S. and Israeli governments and targeted Iran’s nuclear enrichment facilities in Natanz.
  • “Witnesses listed for the hearing are Tatyana Bolton, executive director of the Operational Technology Cybersecurity Coalition; Kim Zetter, cybersecurity journalist and author of “Countdown to Zero Day”; Dragos CEO Robert Lee; and Nate Gleason, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory program leader, according to a copy of the notice.”

• The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) released a blog post titled “Securing Core Cloud Identity Infrastructure: Addressing Advanced Threats through Public-Private Collaboration.”
  • “In recent years, the cloud landscape has faced increasingly sophisticated threat activity targeting identity and authentication systems. As cloud infrastructure has become more ubiquitous—underpinning key government and critical infrastructure data—sophisticated nation-state affiliated actors have exposed limitations in token authentication, key management, logging mechanisms, third-party dependencies, and governance practices. These threats reaffirm the critical role that public-private collaboration plays to safeguard cloud infrastructure and address the evolving technical and security challenges confronting our nation.”  
    
• Cyberscoop informs us,
  • “An international law enforcement operation conducted this week targeted the members of and infrastructure used by NoName057(16), a pro-Russian hacktivist group that has conducted distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks across Europe since early 2022.
  • “Operation Eastwood disrupted over 100 servers worldwide and resulted in two arrests, seven international arrest warrants, and 24 house searches across multiple jurisdictions. The operation, coordinated by Europol and Eurojust with participation from 12 countries, broke up a cybercrime network that had mobilized an estimated 4,000 members who conducted attacks against entities in countries across Europe and in Israel.”
• and
  • “An Armenian national is in federal custody and faces charges stemming from their alleged involvement in a spree of attacks in 2019 and 2020 involving Ryuk ransomware, the Justice Department said Wednesday.
  • “Karen Serobovich Vardanyan, 33, was extradited from Ukraine to the United States on June 18 and pleaded not guilty to the charges in his first appearance in federal court June 20. Vardanyan is awaiting a seven-day jury trial scheduled to begin Aug. 26.”

• Security Week informs us,
  • “A former US soldier accused of hacking into AT&T and Verizon systems and leaking presidential call logs pleaded guilty to fraud and identity theft charges, the US Department of Justice announced.
  • “According to court documents, the individual, Cameron John Wagenius, 21, engaged in hacking and extortion activities between April 2023 and December 2024, while on active duty with the US Army.
  • “Using the nickname ‘kiberphant0m’, Wagenius and his co-conspirators aimed to defraud at least 10 organizations after obtaining login credentials for their networks.”

From the cybersecurity breaches and vulnerabilities front,

• Cybersecurity Dive reports,
  • “United Natural Foods, Inc.’s commercial operating capacity has returned to “normalized levels” as of this week following the cyberattack that temporarily brought down its online systems in June, the grocery distributor disclosed Wednesday.
  • “The company expects to lose between $350 million and $400 million in sales as a result of the attack, with the overall operational impact of the incident mostly limited to its current quarter.
  • “Despite the cyberattack, UNFI has modestly raised its sales expectations for its current fiscal year, although the company expects a higher loss than it had earlier projected.”
• and
  • “One in four CISOs has experienced an AI-generated attack on their company’s network in the past year, and AI risks now top their priority lists, according to a report released Thursday from cybersecurity firm Team8.
  • “The true number of companies targeted by AI-powered attacks “may be even higher,” Team8 said in its report, “as most AI-driven threats mimic human activity and are difficult to detect without advanced metrics like time to exploitation and velocity indicators.”
  • “AI outranked vulnerability management, data loss prevention and third-party risk on CISOs’ priority lists, according to the report, which is based on interviews with more than 110 security leaders from major enterprises.”

• Per Dark Reading,
  • “Automated firmware-analysis tools and the falling cost of the technical hardware needed to inspect computer processors and memory are leading to a surge in reports of firmware vulnerabilities and motherboard security weaknesses.
  • “In the latest example, motherboard manufacturer Gigabyte disclosed on July 10 that a set of four firmware vulnerabilities had persisted in its platform, even though the original issues — in the firmware provided by independent BIOS vendor AMI — were patched years ago. The issues affect the System Management Mode (SMM) modules on older Intel-based systems, Gigabyte stated in its disclosure.”
• and
  • “When it comes to managing cybersecurity profiles for office printers, just 36% of IT teams are patching their firmware promptly — leaving a glaring gap in defenses that attackers could exploit to devastating effect.
  • “That’s according to HP Wolf Security, which found evidence of widespread failures across every stage of the printer life cycle in a global survey of 800+ IT and security decision-makers.
  • “Failure to promptly apply firmware updates to printers unnecessarily exposes organizations to threats that could lead to damaging impacts, such as cybercriminals exfiltrating critical data or hijacking devices,” according to the report, released today.”

• Infosecurity Magazine tells us,
  • “Cybercriminals have been observed adopting AI-powered cloaking tools to bypass traditional security measures and keep phishing and malware sites hidden from detection.
  • “According to new research from SlashNext, Platforms like Hoax Tech and JS Click Cloaker are offering “cloaking-as-a-service” (CaaS), allowing threat actors to disguise malicious content behind seemingly benign websites.
  • “Using advanced fingerprinting, machine learning and behavioral targeting, these tools selectively show scam pages only to real users while feeding safe content to automated scanners.
  • “I think that this is a clear example of a technology and set of tools being used in a bad way,” said Andy Bennett, CISO at Apollo Information Systems.”

• Per HelpNet Security,
  • “A new report from Living Security and the Cyentia Institute sheds light on the real human element behind cybersecurity threats, and it’s not what most organizations expect.
  • “The Risky Business: Who Protects & Who Puts You at Risk report analyzes data from over 100 organizations and challenges conventional thinking by revealing that a small portion of users, just 10 percent, are responsible for nearly 73 percent of all risky behavior in the enterprise.
  • “The riskiest users aren’t who and where you think,” the report notes. Surprisingly, remote and part-time workers are often less risky than full-time, in-office employees. Meanwhile, 78 percent of users help reduce cyber risk more than they contribute to it.”

• Dark Reading explains “How Criminal Networks Exploit Insider Vulnerabilities. Criminal networks are adapting quickly, and they’re betting that companies won’t keep pace. Let’s prove them wrong.”

• CISA added two known exploited vulnerabilities to its catalog this week.
  • July 14, 2025
    • CVE-2025-47812 Wing FTP Server Improper Neutralization of Null Byte or NUL Character Vulnerability
      • Cybersecurity News discusses this KVE here.
  • July 18, 2025
    • CVE-2025-25257 Fortinet FortiWeb SQL Injection Vulnerability
      • The Hacker News discusses this KVE here.

From the ransomware front,

• IT Pro lets us know,
  • “Ransomware attacks come with an average recovery cost of $4.5 million, according to a recent survey, which also found a high proportion of businesses have fallen prey to the malware in the past year.
  • “Data from Absolute Security, which surveyed 500 CISOs based in the US through Censuswide, found 72% of respondents’ firms had dealt with ransomware attacks in the 12 months prior to the survey.
  • “Respondents registered extreme concern over the potential cost of ransomware attacks, with nearly three quarters (73%) indicating a successful ransomware attack could critically incapacitate their business.”

• Chief Healthcare Executive reports,
  • “While hospitals have endured the threat of attacks from ransomware groups for years, other providers are targets for attacks.
  • “Ransomware groups are going after ambulatory surgical centers, physician practices and specialty care groups, says Steve Cagle, the CEO of Clearwater, a cybersecurity firm.
  • “We’ve seen this trend for some time now,” Cagle tells Chief Healthcare Executive®. “It’s more attacks on specialty or ambulatory …. physician practice management, specialty care groups.”
  • “Radiology centers, imaging centers, health clinics and dental clinics are also being targeted for attacks, Cagle says. More than 300 breaches of health data have already been reported to the Department of Health & Human Services in the first half of the year.”

• Cybersecurity Dive points out,
  • “DragonForce, a cyber criminal group connected to a series of attacks against retail firms in recent months, is claiming credit for an attack on the North Carolina-based department store chain Belk.
  • “The group claimed on its leak site that it has approximately 156 gigabytes of data stolen from the company. 
  • “Researchers have linked DragonForce to an April attack on Marks & Spencer, one of the first breaches in a months-long attack spree linked to Scattered Spider. DragonForce claimed credit for the intrusion, but M&S officials believe the group was working with Scattered Spider during the attack.” 

• Morphisec discusses “Matanbuchus [which} is a malware loader that has been available as a Malware-as-a-Service (MaaS) since 2021. It is primarily used to download and execute secondary payloads on compromised Windows systems, making it a critical first step in various cyberattacks.”
  
• Infosecurity Magazine informs us,
  • “The Interlock ransomware gang has been detected targeting organizations with a new remote access trojan (RAT) in a widespread campaign, according to researchers from The DFIR Report in partnership with Proofpoint.
  • “The new malware, observed since June 2025, uses the general-purpose PHP programming language. This differs from the previously identified JavaScript-based ‘NodeSnake’ RAT deployed by Interlock.
  • “In certain cases, the deployment of the PHP variant of the Interlock RAT has led to the deployment of the Node.js version.
  • “PHP is a common web scripting language, which can be leveraged across various platforms and databases.”

• Bleeping Computer reports,
  • “The Japanese police have released a Phobos and 8-Base ransomware decryptor that lets victims recover their files for free, with BleepingComputer confirming that it successfully decrypts files.
  • “Phobos is a ransomware-as-a-service operation that launched in December 2018, enabling other threat actors to join as affiliates and utilize their encryption tool in attacks. In exchange, any ransom payments were split between the affiliate and the operators.
  • “While the ransomware operation did not receive as much media attention as other ransomware operations, Phobos is considered one of the most widely distributed ransomware operations, responsible for many attacks on businesses worldwide.”

From the cybersecurity research front,

• Cyberscoop tells us,
  • “A financially motivated threat group is attacking organizations using fully patched, end-of-life SonicWall Secure Mobile Access 100 series appliances, Google Threat Intelligence Group said in a report released Wednesday [July 16].
  • “The group, which Google identifies as UNC6148, is using previously stolen admin credentials to gain access to SonicWall SMA 100 series appliances, remote access VPN devices the vendor stopped selling and supporting earlier this year. UNC6148 is likely intruding networks to steal data for extortion and possibly deploy ransomware, according to researchers.
  • “The attacks stress the consistent risk SonicWall customers have confronted via exploited vulnerabilities, especially a series of defects affecting the outdated SonicWall SMA 100 series devices.”

• Per Bleeping Computer,
  • “Hackers have adopted the new technique called ‘FileFix’ in Interlock ransomware attacks to drop a remote access trojan (RAT) on targeted systems.
  • “Interlock ransomware operations have increased over the past months as the threat actor started using the KongTuke web injector (aka ‘LandUpdate808’) to deliver payloads through compromised websites.
  • “This shift in modus operandi was observed by researchers at The DFIR Report and Proofpoint since May. Back then, visitors of compromised sites were prompted to pass a fake CAPTCHA + verification, and then paste into a Run dialog content automatically saved to the clipboard, a tactic consistent with ClickFix attacks.”

• Per Cybersecurity Dive,
  • “Microsoft on Wednesday said it has seen the cybercrime group Scattered Spider using new techniques in attacks on the airline, insurance and retail industries since April. 
  • “The hacker group, which Microsoft tracks as Octo Tempest, is still using its trademark social-engineering tactics to gain access to companies by impersonating users and contacting help desks for password resets, according to the Microsoft Defender Security ResearchTeam blog post. 
  • “But the hackers are also abusing short messaging services and using adversary-in-the-middle tactics. And in recent attacks, the threat group has deployed the DragonForce ransomware and concentrated on breaching VMWare ESX hypervisor environments.” 

• Per Dark Reading,
  • “A threat actor known as “PoisonSeed” was credited with a novel attack technique that is able to bypass FIDO-based protections in an organization.
  • “That’s according to a report this week from MDR vendor Expel, titled “PoisonSeed bypassing FIDO keys to ‘fetch’ user accounts.” FIDO, or Fast Identity Online, refers to a technology-agnostic set of specifications for authentication. The technology, which was originally developed by the FIDO Alliance, is considered a gold standard in security, commonly seen in non-password authentication technologies like physical security keys.
  • “Expel’s research concerns a strategy for gaining access to a victim through the cross-device sign-in features available in FIDO security keys in a way that can bypass certain safeguards. Though the report does not concern a vulnerability in FIDO technology itself, it acts as a reminder to the defender that security does not end with a phishing-resistant security key.”

From the cybersecurity defenses front,

• Cybersecurity Dive interviews Mark Ryland who is Amazon’s security director.

• CSO calls attention to “eight tough trade-offs every CISO must navigate.”

• Blocks and Files explains how a “simulated ransomware attack reveals gaps in recovery planning.”

• Here’s a link to Dark Reading’s CISO Corner.

From the cybersecurity policy and law enforcement front,

• Cybersecurity Dive reports,
  • “U.S. government officials said critical infrastructure operators should be on alert for Iranian cyberattacks.
  • “In a threat advisory published Monday [June 30], multiple agencies said Iran might target U.S. firms “for near-term cyber operations” due to “the current geopolitical environment” — a reference to the Trump administration joining Israel’s aerial campaign against Iran’s nuclear program and related assets.
  • “Defense contractors, especially firms that have relationships with Israeli companies, are likely at heightened risk of targeting, according to the advisory.”
• and
  • “The Department of Justice on Monday [June 30] announced a series of actions as part of an investigation into the North Korean government’s deployment of its citizens abroad to pose as IT workers and illicitly earn money for the regime.
  • “Newly unsealed charging documents describe two separate schemes to trick U.S. companies into hiring people who funneled their paychecks to the North Korean government and exploited their access to the companies’ networks to steal sensitive information and cryptocurrency.
  • “Law enforcement officials, who have repeatedly issued alerts about Pyongyang’s IT worker schemes, warned U.S. businesses on Monday to carefully screen their remote employees to avoid falling victim to similar ruses.

• Cyberscoop tells us,
  • “The Chinese hackers behind the massive telecommunications sector breach are “largely contained” and “dormant” in the networks, “locked into the location they’re in” and “not actively infiltrating information,” the top FBI cyber official told CyberScoop.
  • “But Brett Leatherman, new leader of the FBI Cyber division, said in a recent interview that doesn’t mean the hackers, known as Salt Typhoon, no longer pose a threat.
  • “While there’s been some debate about whether Salt Typhoon should be getting more attention than fellow Chinese hackers Volt Typhoon — whom federal officials have said are prepositioned in U.S. critical infrastructure, poised for destructive action in the event of a conflict with the United States — Leatherman said the groups aren’t as different as some think.
  • “Salt Typhoon, even though it was [an] espionage campaign, had access to telecommunications infrastructure,” he said. “You can pivot from access in support of espionage to access in support of destructive action.”
• and
  • “Federal authorities levied sanctions Tuesday on Aeza Group, a bulletproof hosting service provider based in Russia, for allegedly supporting a broad swath of ransomware, malware and infostealer operators.
  • “Aeza Group has provided servers and specialized infrastructure to the Meduza, RedLine and Lumma infostealer operators, BianLian ransomware and BlackSprut, a Russian marketplace for illicit drugs, according to the Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control. Lumma infected about 10 million systems before it was dismantled through a coordinated global takedown in May.
  • “The Treasury Department’s action against Aeza Group follows a wave of cybercrime crackdowns across the globe. Prolific cybercriminals have been arrested, and infostealers, malware loaders, counter antivirus and crypting services, cybercrime marketplaces, ransomware infrastructure and DDoS-for-hire operations have all been seized, taken offline or severely disrupted by global coordinated campaigns since May.
  • “Officials accused Aeza Group of helping cybercriminals target U.S. defense companies and technology vendors.”

From the cybersecurity breaches and vulnerabilities front,

• Cybersecurity Dive informs us,
  • “Australian carrier Qantas said hackers who breached one of its call centers stole a significant quantity of customer data.
  • “The airline said on its website that it detected unusual activity on Monday [June 30] on a third-party platform that one of its call centers used. The airline took immediate action and was able to contain the attack, which it blamed on a criminal hacker.
  • “Qantas said it is investigating the extent of the intrusion but warned that the hackers accessed a “significant” amount of customer data, including names, addresses, phone numbers, dates of birth and frequent-flyer numbers. 
  • “The breach did not compromise any credit card details, personal financial information or passport information, Qantas said, because those are stored in a separate system. The intrusion also did not expect login information for customers’ frequent-flyer accounts.
  • “Qantas said it was working with government authorities, including the Australian Cyber Security Centre and the National Cyber Security Coordinator, as well as independent forensic experts to investigate the breach.
  • “All of Qantas’ systems are now secure and the airline is operating normally, according to the company. It said it was in the process of contacting customers to alert them to the incident.” 

• Per Security Week,
  • “Missouri healthcare provider Esse Health is notifying over 263,000 people that their personal information was stolen in a disruptive April 2025 cyberattack.
  • “The incident was discovered on April 21 and impacted the organization’s access to the electronic medical record system, while also taking down its phone system.
  • “By May 13, the healthcare provider had restored certain systems and was able to fulfill scheduled appointments or procedures. The phone systems were restored in early June, along with other primary patient-facing network systems, the organization said in an incident notice.
  • “On June 20, Esse Health said its investigation into the attack determined that a threat actor breached its network on April 21 and stole files containing personal information.
  • “The exfiltrated data included names, addresses, dates of birth, Social Security numbers, medical record numbers, patient account numbers, health information, and health insurance details.”
• and
  • “Benefits and payroll solutions firm Kelly & Associates Insurance Group (dba Kelly Benefits) has informed authorities that a recent data breach impacts more than 550,000 people.
  • “The company revealed in April that hackers had gained access to its systems in December 2024, and an investigation had shown that the threat actor managed to steal files storing personal information.
  • “The incident resulted in the theft of information such as name, date of birth, Social Security number, tax ID number, medical information, health insurance information, and financial account information. 
  • “Kelly Benefits is notifying impacted individuals on behalf of more than 40 affected customers, including Aetna Life Insurance Company, Amergis, Beam Benefits, Beltway Companies, CareFirst, The Guardian Life Insurance Company of America, Fidelity Building Services Group, Intercon Truck of Baltimore, Humana Insurance ACE, Merritt Group, Publishers Circulation Fulfilment, Quantum Real Estate Management, United Healthcare, and Transforming Lives.
  • “Data breach reports submitted by Kelly Benefits to the Maine Attorney General’s Office since early April show that the number of impacted individuals has steadily increased as the company’s investigation progressed.” 

• The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services announced on June 30,
  • The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) is notifying Medicare beneficiaries whose personal information may have been involved in a data incident affecting Medicare.gov accounts. CMS identified suspicious activity related to unauthorized creation of certain beneficiary online accounts using personal information obtained from unknown external sources. CMS takes this situation very seriously. The safeguarding and security of personally identifiable information is of the utmost importance to CMS. 
  • Following detection of the incident, CMS worked quickly to deactivate affected accounts, assess the scope and impact of the compromise, and mitigate the effects on impacted individuals. CMS is working closely with appropriate parties to investigate this situation.
  • Approximately 103,000 beneficiaries may have been impacted. Notifications to affected individuals are being mailed, informing them of the incident, outlining steps being taken to protect their information, and providing guidance on actions they may wish to take. 

• The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency added five known exploited vulnerabilities to its catalog this week.
  • June 30, 2025
    •  CVE-2025-6543 Citrix NetScaler ADC and Gateway Buffer Overflow Vulnerability
      • Netscaler explains this KVE here.
  • July 1, 2025
    • CVE-2025-48927 TeleMessage TM SGNL Initialization of a Resource with an Insecure Default Vulnerability
    • CVE-2025-48928 TeleMessage TM SGNL Exposure of Core Dump File to an Unauthorized Control Sphere Vulnerability
      • Cyber Press explains these KVEs here.
  • July 2, 2025
    • CVE-2025-6554 Google Chromium V8 Type Confusion Vulnerability
      • Bleeping Computer explains this KVE here.

• Dark Reading warns
  • “While browser extensions add useful functionality to Web browsers, such as blocking ads, managing passwords, and taking notes, they also increase the organization’s security and privacy risks.
  • “Browser extensions require certain levels of permissions that are attractive to attackers. Some extensions need access to the user’s location, browsing history, or the user’s clipboard to see what data the user has copied. Some extensions go further, requesting access to nearly all of the data stored on the user’s computer as well as the data accessed while visiting different websites. Attackers can exploit extensions with these heightened permissions to access potentially sensitive information, such as Web traffic, saved credentials, and session cookies.
  • “Even extensions with relatively modest permissions can manipulate those permissions to obtain access to the inner workings of every Web page displayed on a user’s screen, warns LayerX CEO and co-founder Or Eshed. LayerX research shows that 53% of enterprise users have installed extensions labeled with “high” or “critical” permissions scope. This is why browser extensions are a prime avenue for exploitation by threat actors, he adds.  
  • “[Attackers] can use it to copy or rewrite data or exploit Web page permissions for even more access,” Eshed says.”

• Security Week adds,
  • A vulnerability in the Forminator WordPress plugin could allow attackers to take over more than 400,000 impacted websites.
  • A popular form builder plugin with more than 600,000 active installations, Forminator supports the creation of various types of forms, including contact and payment forms, polls, and more.
  • The WordPress plugin was found vulnerable to CVE-2025-6463 (CVSS score of 8.8), an arbitrary file deletion flaw that exists because file paths are not sufficiently validated in a function used to delete a form submission’s uploaded files.

From the ransomware front,

• Bleeping Computer reports,
  • “The Hunters International Ransomware-as-a-Service (RaaS) operation announced today that it has officially closed down its operations and will offer free decryptors to help victims recover their data without paying a ransom.
  • “After careful consideration and in light of recent developments, we have decided to close the Hunters International project. This decision was not made lightly, and we recognize the impact it has on the organizations we have interacted with,” the cybercrime gang says in a statement published on its dark web leak earlier today.
  • “As a gesture of goodwill and to assist those affected by our previous activities, we are offering free decryption software to all companies that have been impacted by our ransomware. Our goal is to ensure that you can recover your encrypted data without the burden of paying ransoms.” * * *
  • “Threat intelligence firm Group-IB also revealed in April that Hunters International was rebranding with plans to focus on data theft and extortion-only attacks and had launched a new extortion-only operation known as “World Leaks.”
    
• Security Week advises,
  • The key tool for surviving ransomware, or any attack scenario, is an IR plan. But an IR plan is only worthwhile if it’s comprehensive, current, and tested. IR plans are not “best practices”, nor singular documents stored in a safe place. They are living resources that require attention and maintenance. In this way, the proof of an IR plan’s efficacy is in that organizational muscle memory – most effectively trained through Tabletop exercises.  So, what are the primary “muscles,” and the repetitive “exercises” in which you can train an organization to respond decisively, immediately, confidently, and automatically.”
    • Plan your workout
    • Warm up
    • Train, recover, repeat
    • Measure your gains 

From the cybersecurity defenses and business front,

• Withum offers guidance on how to align your firm’s cybersecurity practices with Labor Department best practices for ERISA plan fiduciaries.

• Per Security Week,
  • Cloudflare has reversed its block on AI-crawling from optional to default, allowing finer grained crawling but only with agreement from all parties concerned.
  • LLMs are what they learn. From their inception the biggest source of learning has been the internet, so there has been a natural tendency for AI developers to scrape the internet as widely as possible.
  • Cloudflare has now introduced an option for their customers to accept or reject website scraping by AI vendors. Hitherto, internet scraping has been a major part of gathering training data for large LLM (gen-AI) developers; but the process has raised questions and objections over legality, copyright infringement, and accuracy.

• Dark Reading lets us know,
  • “How businesses can align cyber defenses with real threats. Companies that understand the motivations of their attackers and position themselves ahead of the competition will be in the best place to protect their business operations, brand reputation, and their bottom line.”
• and
  • “One year after a buggy CrowdStrike update knocked IT systems offline, organizations seeking to strike the right balance between security and productivity have viewed the incident as a learning opportunity.
  • “The cost of the CrowdStrike outage was estimated at $5.4 billion, affecting payment systems, airline reservations, and a variety of other industries. The impact of the outage highlights why many operational technology (OT) teams are as sensitive to patches and other updates in their critical infrastructure, as they are highly averse to outages that can happen if such updates are defective.
  • “But when balancing security and productivity, it is imperative not to view the CrowdStrike outage as a reason to forgo patching completely. The ever-growing volume of vulnerabilities and threats requires organizations to remain resilient and anti-fragile — that is, to have the ability to proactively respond to issues and continuously improve.”

• Per Security Week,
  • “LevelBlue announced on Tuesday [July 1] that it’s acquiring managed detection and response (MDR) services company Trustwave from The Chertoff Group’s MC² Security Fund.
  • “LevelBlue, formerly known as AT&T Cybersecurity, was launched in May 2024 as a joint venture between WillJam Ventures and AT&T. 
  • “The company’s acquisition of Trustwave comes shortly after it announced plans to buy Aon’s cybersecurity consulting business. The deals are part of a plan to become the largest pure-play managed security services provider (MSSP). 
  • “Once the acquisition has been completed, LevelBlue’s expertise in strategic risk management and cybersecurity infrastructure will be integrated with Trustwave’s platform and MDR service.”

• Here’s a link to Dark Reading’s CISO Corner.